根系分区灌水对苹果生理功能的影响及控梢促花效应研究  

Studies on Physiological Effects and Growth of Apple Trees under Partial Rootzone Irrigation

作　　者：邹养军[1] 魏钦平[2] 李嘉瑞[1] 王小伟[2] 刘军[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2007年第4期28-31,97,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：北京市科委重大项目(H030730050130);北京市农委项目(20030112);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(60622007)

摘　　要：以3年生分根盆栽皇家嘎拉苹果为试材,通过全部根系、3/4、2/4、1/4根系体积灌水4种处理研究了根系分区灌水苹果水分状况、光合能力、根系活力等生理变化及对枝叶生长和来年成花的影响。结果表明2/4、3/4根系灌水在整个生育期均能满足植株的水分需求,但仅1/4根系体积灌水在夏秋高温季节不能满足植株对水分的需求;减小灌水根系体积后,提高了根系活力;叶片Pn、Tr、Gs呈下降趋势,由于Tr较Pn下降幅度大,WUE提高;抑制了枝叶生长,来年开花株率、花序数量、坐果率均增加。Three-year-old split-root potted apple trees （Royal Gala） were used for studying the physiological effects and growth of shoots and leaves. There are four experiment groups of irrigations： complete irrigated part, 3/4, 2/4 and 1/4 irrigation part. Results showe that only 2/4 and 3/4 rootzone alternant irrigation could satisfy the needing of water in the whole growth period but only 1/4 rootzone alternant irrigation could not satisfy in summer and autumn. The plants had higher root activity and less the Pn, Tr and Gs of leaves. The WUE was increased and the growth of shoots and leaves were inhabited. The number of flowering trees, the number of buds and the rates of fruits setting were increased when only partial root zone irrigated.

关 键 词：苹果 根系分区灌水 生理机制 枝叶生长 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]