不同花粉密度条件下光温敏雄性不育小麦BS366异交结实分析  

Study on Outcrossing Rate in Photo-Thermo-Sensitive Male Sterile Wheat Line BS366 Under Different Pollen Density

作　　者：秦志列[1] 张风廷[2] 叶志杰[2] 任立平[2] 赵昌平[2] 王志敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [2]北京市农林科学院北京杂交小麦工程技术研究中心,北京100097

出　　处：《华北农学报》2007年第4期130-133,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：北京市科委首都农业育种平台项目(YZPT01.08);国家"863"项目(2002AA207004)

摘　　要：研究了人工授粉和田间不同授粉方式条件下,光温敏雄性不育小麦BS366的异交结实情况。结果表明,在不育系花后不同时间人工饱和授粉条件下,其异交结实率呈先增后减的变化,花后第4天至第8天,异交结实率达80%以上,其中第5天为88%;穗中部异交结实能力最强,但异交结实粒数变异也最为明显;多次人工饱和授粉的异交结实率达94.7%,说明该不育系具有较高的异交结实潜力;花后天数与异交结实率的关系可以用方程y=-1.457 7x2+20.489x+12.472(R2=0.914 6**)描述,观察值与模拟值相差0～9%。田间不同授粉方式下,距恢复系1.5 m内,不育系异交结实变异较大,2.0 m以外无显著差异;距恢复系0.5 m内,不育系异交结实率较高,行间差异不显著;辅助授粉时,距恢复系1.0 m以内的不育系异交结实率和杂交种子重量的增幅最大,异交结实率最高可增加45%。光温敏雄性不育小麦BS366制种时播种宽度应控制2.0 m,并在花后8 d内,尤其是花后4～8 d进行辅助授粉,可实现较高异交结实率。The seed set of outcross was studied with photo-thermo-sensitive male sterile wheat line BS366 which was under different pollen density in this paper. The results showed there were no significant differences between positions of tiller, and the grain number per spike was 0.02 in BS366. This could ensure that the grains were from outcrossing seed set. The outcrossing rate increased firstly and decreased subsequently under the condition of adequate foreign pollens. The outcrossing rate was over 80% from the fourth to eighth day after BS366 flowered,and reached 88% on the fifth day. The ability of outcross seed set was better and the variation of outcross seed set was more distinctness in the middle of spike than that in other position of spike. The outcrossing rate was 94.7 % in BS366 which was treated by artificial pollination time after time. In the filed, there was significant variation in the range of 1.5 m from restoration line and there was no difference out of 2.0 m from restoration line among the different rows of the outcrossing rate .In the 1.5-m distance from male sterile wheat line BS366 to restoration line, the outcrossing rate was higher and had no difference in different rows of BS366 .The outcrossing rate and the weight of hybrid seed had more increase in the 1.0 m distance between parents when supplementary pollination was done. Therefore, it is important to achieve the purpose of high outcrossing rate in BS366. The first is that the width of BS366 planted should less than 2.0 m. Secondly, supplementary pollination should be made for 8 d after BS366 flowered, especially from the fourth to eighth day.

关 键 词：小麦 光温敏雄性不育 异交结实 花粉密度 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S334.24