矿化垃圾反应床处理渗滤液的微生物学特性  

Microbiological Characteristics of Aged-Refuse-Based Bioreactor for Landfill Leachate Treatment

作　　者：石磊[1] 张全 牛冬杰[1] 赵由才[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]上海市城市建设投资开发总公司,上海200002

出　　处：《同济大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第8期1085-1089,共5页Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science

基　　金：上海市重大科研资助项目(05DZ12003)

摘　　要：研究了矿化垃圾生物反应床处理渗滤液时,不同床层高度、气温状况和水力负荷下矿化垃圾微生物学特性的变化规律.结果表明：床体浅层（0-20 cm）通透性好,细菌总数是床体厌氧区的数十倍,生理生化过程强烈,酶活性高,是污染物降解的最佳区域;气温的日变化对细菌总数影响不大,但在25-30℃时有利于维持微生物数量及其重要酶的活性;反应床对水力负荷有一定的耐冲击能力,但当矿化垃圾与渗滤液的体积比小于20（水力负荷超过16 cm.d^-1）时,床层微生物及酶面临胁迫环境,出水水质急剧变差.Aged refuse excavated from 8-10 years old closed refuse landfill was used as the bio-material for the making of bioreactor and then for the effective treatment of landfill leachate. The microbiological characteristics of the bioreactor were studied under conditions of different layer depth, ambient temperature and hydraulic loading. The results show that the upper shallow layer （i. e. 0-20 cm） has a better permeability, more plentiful micro floras, and excellent biodegradability of pollutants in leachate. The ambient temperature has little effect on total bacterial count, while a proper temperature of 25-30℃; can maintain the quantity of microorganisms and enzymatic activities at high levels. Al- though the bioreactor can tolerate the pollutants loading to some extent, when the leachate hydraulic loading exceeds 16 cm·d^-1（the volume ratio of aged refused and leachate is less than 20：1）, the microorganisms and enzymes will be confronted with a tough environment and result in a worse effluent quality.

关 键 词：矿化垃圾 生物反应床 渗滤液 微生物学特性 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]