宏观过程的方向与限度——可逆性判据(Ⅱ)  

The Orientation and the Limitation of the Process——the Equilibrium Criterion(Ⅱ)

作　　者：黑恩成[1] 孙瑛[1] 朱瑞恒[2] 赵镇[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学化学系,上海200237 [2]华东理工大学理优部,上海200237

出　　处：《化工高等教育》2007年第4期85-87,共3页Higher Education in Chemical Engineering

摘　　要：本文从平衡判据的普遍规律——克劳修斯不等式出发,按照不同的过程条件,分别讨论了熵判据、亥氏函数和吉氏函数判据以及相变化和化学变化的可逆性判据。同时指出了这些平衡判据所包含的物理意义及它们间的一些内在联系。From the point of the general criterion of equilibrium——Clausius inequality, we discussed the various expressions of criteria in terms of the entropy, the Helmholtz energy, the Gibbus energy and the reversibility of physical and chemical changes in different processes with the specified constraint conditions. Furthermore, we interpreted the physical significance of these criteria and elucidated the relationships among them.

关 键 词：克劳修斯不等式 平衡判据 熵 熵增原理 不可用能 

分 类 号：O414.1[理学—理论物理]