深水沉积物波及其在南海研究之现状  

Current Status of Deep-water Sediment Wave Studies and the South China Sea Perspectives

作　　者：钟广法[1] 李前裕[1] 郝沪军 王嘹亮[3] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司,深圳518067 [3]广州海洋地质调查局,广东广州510760

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2007年第9期907-913,共7页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"南海深海测井记录中的气候周期和事件"(编号:40476030);"晚中新世西太平洋暖池阶段性形成的古海洋特征"(编号:40576031);国家高技术研究发展计划项目"大洋钻探技术预研究"(编号:2004AA615030)联合资助

摘　　要：深水沉积物波的研究始于20世纪50年代。根据成因和结构特征,可以将深水沉积物波划分为细粒底流、细粒浊流、粗粒底流和粗粒浊流等类型。不同类型的沉积物波具有不同的形态、物质组成及分布特征。已提出的深水沉积物波的形成模式主要有背流波模式、逆行沙波模式、内波模式及底形和斜坡失稳混合模式等。1994年太阳号95航次和1999年ODP184航次揭示并证实,南海北部东沙岸外1144站所处的深水陆坡区发育有一高速沉积物牵引体。根据最新的地震资料分析发现,该牵引体实际上由一系列逆陆坡向上倾方向迁移的沉积物波组成,这一发现对于南海北部大陆边缘古海洋、古环境和古气候研究,以及南海深水油气勘探具有重要意义。Research on deep-water sediment waves was initiated in the 1950＇s. So far, significant progress has been achieved. It is been known that deep-water sediment waves are generated mainly by bottom currents or turbidity currents. Four main catalogues of deep-water sediment waves have been recognized according to their grain size of component sediments and formation processes： fine-grained bottom current sediment waves, coarse-grained bot- tom current sediment waves, fine-grained turbidity current sediment waves, and coarse-grained turbidity current sediment waves. Models presented for the formation of deep-water sediment waves include lee-wave model, anti- dune model, internal wave model and mixed bedform and failure model. Newly-acquired high-resolution seismic data revealed that the sediment drift with high deposition rates on the slope offshore Dongsha Islands, northern South China Sea was actually composed of a series of sediment waves migrated upslope. This finding is of great significance not only to the reconstruction of paleoceanography, paleoenvironment, paleo-tectonics, and paleoclimate, but also to deep-water petroleum exploration in the South China Sea.

关 键 词：深水沉积物波 底流沉积 浊流沉积 沉积物牵引体 南海 ODP 184航次 

分 类 号：P736.21[天文地球—海洋地质] P722.7[天文地球—海洋科学]