新型两亲性共聚物复合骨形成蛋白修复兔下颌骨缺损  

Novel PLA-PVP amphiphilic copolymers combined with recombinant bone morphogenetic protein for repairing rabbit mandibular defects

作　　者：冯智强[1] 赖仁发[2] 缪婧[3] 周长忍[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔医学院口腔颌面外科,上海市200011 [2]暨南大学附属第一医院口腔医疗中心,广东省广州市510630 [3]暨南大学材料科学与工程系生物材料研究室,广东省广州市510632

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第35期6946-6949,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2006B35801004)~~

摘　　要：目的:由于PLA-PVP两亲性共聚物具有亲-疏水微相分离的结构,与人体内血管结构相似,非常有利于细胞的黏附和生长。实验观察应用聚乳酸以及PLA-PVP/rhBMP-2复合物修复兔下颌骨缺损过程中材料与颌骨的结合况及颌骨缺损的修复情况,验证PLA-PVP作为人工骨支架材料的可行性。方法:实验于2005-06/2006-03在暨南大学医学院动物实验室完成。①造模:取健康新西兰大白兔26只,用牙科电钻在双侧下颌骨下缘造成约15mm×6mm范围的全层骨缺损,然后随机分为4组,rhBMP-2/PLA-PVP组8只,植入复合有rhBMP-2的PLA-PVP两亲性共聚物;PLA-PVP组8只,植入PLA-PVP两亲性共聚物;PLA组8只,植入PLA;对照组2只,不植入任何材料。前3组分别于2,4,8及12周各处死2只,对照组2只于术后12周处死。②观察指标:取材后行X射线、苏木精-伊红染色及电镜观察材料降解及新生骨生长情况,并应用Lunar Prodigy骨密度仪检测骨矿物质密度,以探明成骨的质量和成骨速度。结果:①各组材料植入后无感染和排斥反应,组织学及扫描电镜显示各组随时间的增长材料逐渐降解,新生骨组织逐渐替换材料并修复缺损区。②术后骨密度测量显示各组材料骨修复区随时间的增长密度逐渐增大,PLA-PVP/rhBMP-2组术后2,4,8,12周骨密度值明显优于PLA-PVP组和PLA组(P<0.01),PLA-PVP组优于PLA组(P<0.01)。③术后12周,PLA-PVP完全降解,PLA则有部分残留,对照组骨缺损区未能修复。结论:①PLA-PVP/rhBMP-2复合物具有良好的生物相容性和诱导成骨能力。②PLA-PVP生物相容性好,效果优于聚乳酸,可作为骨形成蛋白2的有效载体,有希望成为修复骨缺损的新型生物可降解材料。AIM： PLA-PVP amphiphilic copolymers （PLA-PVP） with the structure of hydrophilic-hydrophobic microphase separation and similar to blood vessel in human are conducive to cell attachment and growth. In this study, the incorporation of material and bone and the reconstruction of the jaw defect by using the polylactic acids, the novel PLA-PVP and recombinant bone morphogenetic protein （rhBMP-2） was observed, so as to prove the feasibility of PLA-PVP as a biodegradable scaffold material. METHODS： The experiment was performed at the animal experimental laboratory of Medical College of Jinan University from June 2005 to March 2006. ①Twenty-six healthy New Zealand White Rabbits were selected, and the 15 mm×6 mm bilateral mandibular defects ware made by dental drill. Then the animals were randomly divided into rhBMP-2/PLA-PVP group （n =8）, PLA-PVP group （n =8）, polylactic acids （PLA） group （n =8） and blank control- group （n =2）. Except control group, all groups were implanted with the corresponding materials. At 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery, 2 rabbits of the former 3 groups were executed, while the 2 animals in control group at 12 weeks after operation.② The material degradation and new bone formation ware evaluated with X-ray, HE staining, and electron microscope; the bone mineral density was detected by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） to determine bone formation rate and quality. RESULTS： ①No infection or rejection was found in every group after material implantation; histological and scanning electron microscopic examinations showed that the materials of each group was degraded step by step, and the new bone gradually substituted the materials and repaired the bone defects finally. ②DXA detection appealed that the bone density of each group was gradually increased with time. The quantities of bone density in PLA-PVP/rhBMP-2 group in 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks were significantly higher than PLA-PVP group and PLA group （P〈 0.01）, and that in PLA-PVP group wa

关 键 词：两亲性共聚物(PLA-PVP) 骨形成蛋白 聚乳酸 颌骨缺损 

分 类 号：R681[医药卫生—骨科学]