哮喘儿童的心理学特点  

Psychological characteristics of asthmatic children

作　　者：王德颖[1] 孙月吉[1] 阎楠[1] 张忠鲁[2] 赵广东[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连医科大学精神卫生教研室,辽宁省大连市116027 [2]大连市友谊医院呼吸科,辽宁省大连市116011

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第39期7955-7958,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：目的:总结哮喘儿童心理状态在哮喘发病及治疗中的作用。资料来源:应用计算机检索PubMed1992-01/2006-06关于儿童哮喘与心理学有关的文章,检索词"asthma,children,psychology",并限定文章语言种类为英文。同时计算机检索CNKI1992-01/2006-06关于儿童哮喘与心理学有关的文章,检索词"儿童哮喘,心理学"。资料选择:纳入标准:①儿童哮喘对儿童行为、性格、气质的影响的文章。②父母教养方式对儿童哮喘的影响的文章。③社会心理因素对儿童哮喘的影响的文章。排除标准:重复性研究。资料提炼:收集到儿童哮喘与心理学有关的英文文献72篇,中文文献59篇。对符合纳入标准37篇文章进行分析。资料综合:①心理因素对哮喘发作的影响:在10个涉及1939例哮喘患儿的调查中,发现焦虑、紧张对哮喘有诱导和加重作用。②哮喘对儿童心理的影响:主要体现在哮喘患儿容易出现抑郁症状。在5个涉及1086例哮喘儿童的调查中,4个调查均发现哮喘患儿偏于内向人格。③哮喘对儿童行为的影响:在6个涉及2645名哮喘患儿和非哮喘患儿的调查中,均发现哮喘患儿较非哮喘患儿更易出现行为问题。结论:哮喘对儿童行为、气质、性格产生影响,同样心理因素也有诱发和加重哮喘发作的作用。此外,父母的教养方式及社会心理学因素也对哮喘的发作有一定影响。心理干预方法和心理治疗正逐渐被应用到哮喘儿童中。OBJECTIVE： To summarize the effect of the psychological condition of asthmatic children on asthma onset and its treatment. DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search of Pubmed was undertaken to identify the articles about children asthma and psychology published in English between January 1992 and June 2006 with the key words of ＂asthma, children, psychology＂. Meanwhile, we searched the CNKI for related articles published in Chinese between January 1992 and June 2006 with the key words of ＂children asthma, psychology＂ in Chinese. STUDY SELECTION： Inclusive criteria： ①Effect of asthma on the children behaviours, personalities and temperaments; ②Effect of parental rearing pattern on children asthma. ③Effect of social psychological factors on children asthma. Exclusive criteria： repetitive researches. DATA EXTRACTION： Totally 72 English and 59 Chinese articles about the relationship between children asthma and psychology were collected, and 37 met the inclusive criteria were analyzed. DATA SYNTHESIS： ①Effect of psychological factors on the onset of asthma： Ten investigations involving 1 939 asthmatic children show that anxiety and nervous may induce and aggravate asthma. ②Influence of asthma on children psychology： Depression is easily found in asthmatic children. Among another 5 investigations including 1 086 asthmatic children, 4 of them have suggested that asthmatic children are introversive. ③ Influence of asthma on children behaviours： Six investigations involving 2 645 children with or without asthma have showed that asthmatic children have more behavioural problems than non-asthmatic children. CONCLUSION： Asthma may influence the behaviour, temperament and personality of children. At the same time, psychological factors may induce and aggravate asthma. Additionally, parental rearing patterns and psychosocial factors may also play important roles in the occurrence of asthma. Psychological intervention and psychological therapy have been used to treat asthmatic

关 键 词：儿童 哮喘 心理学 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]