心理理论中的规则理论  

Rules in the theory of mind

作　　者：李思雨[1] 李红[2] 黄恩亮[3] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育科学院,重庆市400715 [2]西南大学心理学院,西南大学中加联合儿童研究中心,重庆市400715 [3]重庆教育学院,重庆市400067

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第39期7959-7961,共3页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：目的:心理理论现有的规则理论是"认知复杂及控制理论"与"关系复杂理论",通过对这两个理论的比较、分析,意图对个体心理理论能力发展做深入探讨。资料来源:应用计算机检索Elsevier数据库和CNKI数据库1996/2005相关文章,检索词为"theroy of mind,rule,cognitivecomplexity,relational complexity,心理理论,规则"。资料选择:选择阐述"认知复杂及控制理论"与"关系复杂理论"的文章,排除重复文章。资料提炼:共检索到47篇关于心理理论的规则理论方面的文献,纳入33篇。资料综合:认知复杂及控制理论将执行上的失败归因于缺少对规则的反思,而不是归因于缺少对规则的意识;关系复杂理论通过概念组块和分段法降低加工负荷,它对变量进行压缩处理。关系复杂理论中的概念组块和认知复杂及控制理论中的反思来自于不同的方向,概念组块可以认为是来自通过组块对工作记忆负担的减轻,进而对复杂性程度的降低;而反思是个体本身对规则的再认识,这一过程又受到诸多因素的影响才能从多个简单规则整合成一个规则。关系复杂理论和认知复杂及控制理论都能够对心理理论任务进行解释,而真正非实验条件下的心理理论任务就需要更多的考量因素。结论:当面对多样性和层次性的心理理论任务时,这两个理论所作出的自上而下的"反思"与自下而上的"组块"有必要整合起来,形成解决任务的整合规则。OBJECTIVE：The rules of theory of mind involve cognitive complexity and control theory and relational complexity theory. In this article, we explored the capability of individual theory of mind through comparing and analyzing the two theories. DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search of Elsevier and CNKI database was undertaken to identify the related articles published from 1996 to 2005 with the key words of ＂theory of mind, rule, cognitive complexity, relational complexity＂ in English and ＂theory of mind, rule＂ in Chinese. STUDY SELECTION： The articles about the expatiation of cognitive complexity and relational complexity were selected and the repetitive articles were eliminated. DATA EXTRACTION： Forty-seven literatures about the rules of theory of mind were collected and thirty-three of them were in accordance with the criteria. DATA SYNTHESIS： Cognitive complexity and control theory attributes the executive failure to the shortage of reflection to rule, but not the awareness to rule; and relational complexity theory reduces the processing load by chunk and fractional method, and compress the variance. The chunk concept in the relational complexity theory and the reflection in the cognitive complexity and control theory come from different directions. The concept of chunk is regarded as to reduce the complexity through lessening the task memory load, while reflection is a sort of recognition to the rule, during which many simple rules are iritegrated into a rule after influenced by many factors. Both relational complexity theory and cognitive complexity and control theory could explain the task of theory of mind. The task of theory of mind under non-experiment condition involves more factors. CONCLUSION： As analyzing the variety and hierarchy in the tasks, the two theories should be integrated. According to the top-down reflection and bottom-up chunking, it could form a compound rule to solve the tasks.

关 键 词：心理学 认知 模型 规则 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]