祁连山森林枯落物水文作用的研究  

Hydrological Functions of Forest Litter in the Qilian Mountains

作　　者：闫文德[1] 张学龙[1] 王金叶[1] 王艺林[1] 傅辉恩[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省张掖祁连山水源林研究所

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》1997年第2期7-14,共8页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：林业部"八五"重点课题

摘　　要：通过对祁连山寺大隆林区主要森林类型凋落物累积量、枯枝落叶持水能力以及截留作用测定分析，研究了枯落物层的蓄水防蚀效能。结果表明，祁连山寺大隆林区主要森林类型年凋落物累积量为２．７～３．７ｔ／ｈｍ２，其累积量（Ｙ）随时间（ｔ）变化符合Ｙ＝ａ＋ｂｔ＋ｃｔ２＋ｄｔ３方程。枯落物层最大持水量相当于７．０～１０．６ｍｍ的降雨，该层对１０ｍｍ以上雨强的降雨截留率明显下降。经分析认为，枯枝落叶层有蓄水、保水，起抑制地表水分蒸发，增加土壤水分入渗。Analysis on litter accumulation,water-holding capacity of the litter and interception of main types of forests in Shidalong forest region of the Qilian Mountains showed that annual litter accumulation of the forests ranged from 2.7t/hm 2 ot 3.7t/hm 2,the relationship between the quantity( Y) and time( t) could be represented by the function Y=a+bt+ct 2+dt 3. The maximum water holdign capacity of the litter was equal to 7.0～10.6mm of precipitation,the capacity was decreased when precipitation was more than 10mm. The litter played an important role in restraining surface evaporation,increasing soil permeability and decreasing surface runoff.

关 键 词：森林类型 凋落物 水文作用 祁连山 

分 类 号：S715.3[农业科学—林学]