长江口及其邻近水域油污染分布特征及其评价  

Distributional feature and assessment of petroleum hydrocarbon in Yangtze Estuary and adjacent waters

作　　者：马继臻[1] 袁骐[1] 蒋玫[1] 沈新强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2007年第3期251-256,共6页Marine Fisheries

摘　　要：根据2006年春夏季对长江口及其临近海域的海水和沉积物中的油污染物的监测结果,分析该海域表层水体和表层沉积物的油分布特征,采用单项指数法评估该海域的油污染程度。结果表明,调查水域表层水体中油含量分布范围为0.018-0.111 mg/L,平均含量为0.055 mg/L,其中春季平均含量为0.060 mg/L,夏季平均含量为0.050 mg/L。表层沉积物的油含量分布范围为（61.2-1062.4）×10^-6,平均含量为246.1×10^-6,其中春季平均含量为176.9×10^-6,夏季平均含量为272.8×10^-6。以《海水水质标准》Ⅱ类和《海洋沉积物质量》Ⅰ类标准计算,表层水体春夏季超标率分别为60.0%和35.0%,表层沉积物均未超标。无论是水体还是沉积物,均以长江口水域的污染最为严重。Based on the data of oil concentration in the water and sediment monitored in Yangtze Estuary and adjacent waters during spring and summer of 2006, the distributional feature of petroleum hydrocarbon in water and sediment during different seasons were analyzed, the pollution degree was assessed with single index. The result showed that the range of oil concentration in water was from 0. 018 to 0.111 mg/L （average 0. 055 mg/ L）. The average value of oil in water was 0. 060 mg/L in spring, 0. 050 mg/L in summer. The content of oil in sediment laid in the range of 61.2 ×10^-6 to 1062.4 ×10^-6 （ average 246.1 ×10^-6） , the mean value of oil in spring and summer was 176.9 ×10^-6 and 272.8 ×10^-6 respectively. According to the 2nd class of the sea water quality standard and the 1 st class of marine sedment quality, the overtaking rate of the surface water in spring and summer was 60% and 35% respectively, while the content of oil in the surface sediment was not beyond the standard mentioned above. No matter how in water and sediment, the most serious polluted area of oil lied in Yangtze Estuary.

关 键 词：长江口及其邻近水域 油 分布特征 单项指数 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]