用土壤处理钻井废水的研究  

Study on Soil Rapid Infiltration Systemfor Drilling Wastewater Treatment

作　　者：雷佶明[1] 杜国勇[1] 李志平[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学化学化工学院 [2]中海石油炼化有限责任公司

出　　处：《石油与天然气化工》2007年第4期341-343,352,共4页Chemical engineering of oil & gas

摘　　要：对土地快渗法处理钻井废水进行了基础研究实验。实验主要研究了钻井废水中污染物在土壤中的吸附、截留和降解过程。实验通过引用废水COD的监测方法来测定土壤中有机物及其污染物的含量。并定义土壤COD值是指在一定条件下,氧化1kg土样中的还原性物质所消耗的氧化剂的量,以氧的mg/kg表示。测定土壤的COD背景值为32423mg/kg。吸附实验表明土壤对钻井废水污染物的最大吸附量为15707mg/kg;浸出实验表明吸附饱和的土壤在纯水中浸泡4h和8h的浸出量为1055mg/L、1610mg/L;通过建立数学模型,计算了在纯水中浸泡4h和8h的条件下,污染物在土壤中的停留率分别为66.42%和48.75%。土壤生物降解实验表明:土壤中的微生物对钻井废水中的污染物有一定的降解能力;废水浸泡土壤后曝气处理对污染物的降解有促进作用。The paper has conducted the basic laboratory research for the soil rapid infiltration system for drilling wastewater. The experiments have been designed to study the process of absorption, retention and degradation of drilling wastewater in soil. In consideration of quantifying the pollutants in soils, this paper applies the monitoring method of wastewater COD for measuring organic matter contents and pollutants in soils. By definition, chemical oxygen demand (COD of soil is the oxygen equivalent of the organic contents of soil samples. It is expressed in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg, which indicates the mass of oxygen consumed to oxidate the organic matter in a kilogram of soil. The background value for organic matter contents in soil samples is 41 144mg/kg. Adsorption experiments indicate that maximum adsorption capacity of soils is 15 707mg/kg. Leaching experiments of pollutant-saturated soil were conducted in distilled water. Leaching quantity of pollutants is 1055mg/L and 1610 mg/L respectively after 4 and 8 hours. A mathematical model has been created to estimate the rates of pollutants retained in soils, which are 66.42% and 48.75% respectively after 4 and 8 hours. In addition, biological degradation experiments of drilling wastewater in soil indicate that soil microbial communities have a certain capacity to degrade pollutants of drilling wastewater; oxygen dissolved in soil can accelerate the degradation of pollutants.

关 键 词：钻井废水 土地快渗 土地处理 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]