土壤剥蚀率与水流剪切力关系室内模拟试验  

An Indoor Simulation Experiment of the Relationship Between Soil Detachment Rate and Shear Stress

作　　者：王瑄[1] 李占斌[2] 郑良勇[3] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110161 [2]西安理工大学水资源所,西安710048 [3]山东省水利勘测设计院,济南250013

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2007年第4期577-580,共4页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40371075);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2006210)

摘　　要：为了验证土壤剥蚀率模拟公式,系统地研究土壤剥蚀率与坡度和流量、水流剪切力之间的关系,在较大坡度(3°～30)°和流量(2.5～6.5L·min-1)范围内进行了径流冲刷试验。结果表明:土壤剥蚀率是坡度和流量的幂函数,随着坡度和流量的增大而增加;坡度和流量与土壤剥蚀率之间呈显著相关关系,流量对土壤剥蚀率的影响明显大于坡度;土壤剥蚀率随着水流剪切力的增大而增加,两者呈幂函数关系,利用水流剪切力可以更准确的预测土壤剥蚀率。In order to validate the simulation formula of soil detachment rate and study systemically the relationship between soil detachment rate and discharge and slope, stream power, runoff scouring experiments were conducted in an experimental flume with varing slope in a large scale of slope gradient（3°-30°） and flow discharge （2.5-6.5L/min）. The results showed that soil detachment rate was exponential function of slope gradient and flow discharge and soil detachment rate increased with slope gradient and discharge increasing. There was a significant correlation between soil detachment rate and discharge and slope, and the influence of discharge on soil detachment rate was larger than that of slope gradient. Soil detachment rate would increase with shear stress increasing. Soil detachment rate could be predicted exactly by shear stress.

关 键 词：土壤剥蚀率 坡度 流量 水流剪切力 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]