红松林冠对降水的截留特征  

Canopy Interception of Pinus koraiensis

作　　者：党宏忠[1] 董铁狮[2] 赵雨森[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院,北京100091 [2]辽宁省林业厅 [3]东北林业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2007年第10期4-6,共3页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：黑龙江省重大科技攻关项目(GA02B601)

摘　　要：通过野外测定与统计分析，系统研究了红松（Pinus koraiensis）林冠对降水的截留特征。在观测期间（2003年5—9月），红松林分林冠截留量为103．48mm，占同期降水量的26．19％；降水按以下比例被再次分配：穿透降水68．16％，林冠截留26．19％，树干径流5．65％。利用Horton改进模型进行模拟分析，结果表明：红松林分表征林冠吸附容量的参数Icm=2．387mm，大于该地区针叶树种樟子松和落叶松的吸附容量；表征区域降雨蒸发能力的参数α=13．9％。2个参数较好的解释了红松林冠截留吸附、湿润与蒸发机理；红松林冠截留率随降水的变化曲线可分为快变期（截留率〉30％，降水量〈15mm）、渐变期（截留率30％-18．67％，降水15—50mm）和稳定期（截留率〈18．67％，降水〉50mm）3个阶段，红松林冠稳定截留率为18．67％。红松林冠截留构成中吸附截留量较大。The relationships between canopy interception of Pinus koraiensis and rainfall were studied by field survey and statisti- cal analysis. Result shows that the canopy interception of P. koraiensis was 103.48 mm from May to September in 2003, accounting for 26.19% of the total rainfall for the same period. The rainfall was redistributed by the proportion of throughfall 68.16%, interception 26.19% and stemflow 5.65%. The redistribution of rainfall by canopy can be simulated precisely by the improved Horton model, in which the parameter Icm^＊ means rainfall adsorption capacity of canopy and a means coefficient of canopy evaporation for this region （0. 139）. Icm^＊ of P. koraiensis （2.387 ram） is higher than that of larch and P. sylvestris var. mongolica. The two parameters explain the law of crown interception composed of three physical processes （adsorption, soakage and evaporation）. The changing curve of interception rate with rainfall is classified into three phases, that is, quickly descent phase （interception rate is more than 30%, while rainfall is less than 15 mm）, gradually descent phase （ interception rate is within 18.67% and 30%, while rainfall is within 15 and 50 mm） and stable phase （interception rate is less than 18.67%, while rainfall is more than 50 mm）. The stable interception rate is 18.67%, and the adsorption is more than the evaporation in interception.

关 键 词：红松 林冠截留 树干径流 

分 类 号：S715.2[农业科学—林学]