不同肥料对有机栽培番茄生长和土壤酶及微生物量的影响  

Effects of different fertilizers on the growth of tomato and soil enzymes activities and microbial biomass-C

作　　者：王延军[1] 宗良纲[1] 李锐[1] 杨永岗[2] 肖兴基[2] 卢东[2] 刘瑞龙 叶广涛 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095 [2]国家环境保护总局有机食品发展中心,江苏南京210042 [3]香港长江生命科技国际有限公司,香港95588

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2007年第3期83-87,共5页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：绿色和平资助项目(200103)

摘　　要：通过田间试验,研究了生态肥与有机肥混合、矿粉与有机肥混合以及单施有机肥对番茄生长及土壤养分、微生物量和酶的影响。结果表明,生态肥与有机肥混合处理可明显促进番茄根系生长发育和提高叶绿素含量,其产量显著高于单施有机肥及矿粉与有机肥混合施用处理,分别增产14.9%和15.8%。同时,生态肥与有机肥混合处理可明显改善土壤速效养分的供给水平,其NH4+-N和NO3--N都显著高于其他处理。番茄生长中期和后期不同施肥处理的脲酶、酸性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶的活性均以生态肥与有机肥混合处理最高。在番茄生长期,生态肥与有机肥混合处理的土壤微生物生物量碳显著高于另外2个处理,表明施用生态肥有利于增加土壤肥力和促进番茄生长。Field experiments were carried out to examine the effects of different fertilizers on growth of tomato, soil enzymes activi- ties and soil microbial biomass-C. In this study, three treatments consisted of control, organic fertilizer only; MF, mineral pow- der combined with organic fertilizer, EF, eco-fertilizer added with organic fertilizer. Results showed that EF could markedly im- prove roots activities and growth of tomato and chlorophyll content （ SPAD values） ; it could significantly raise yields of tomato. EF increased by 14. 9% and 15.8% in yields than control and MF, respectively. Different fertilizations had obviously different effects on nutrient character of soil, SH^＋4 and N03^-3N contents of EF-treated soils were significantly higher than MF and control. At the middle and later periods of tomato growing, urease, acid phosphatase and catalase activities were higher in EF than control and MF, variations of the parameters were significant （P 〈 0.05）. EF could noticeably enhance soil microbial biomass-C in develop- mental stages of tomato, its values were significantly higher than other treatments. So, eco-fertilizer added with organic fertilizer could improve soil fertility greatly and reach to higher outputs.

关 键 词：番茄生长 施肥调控 土壤酶 土壤微生物生物量碳 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]