聚氯乙烯弹性体气候老化性能研究  

Research on Climate Aging of PVC Elastomer

作　　者：喻火贵[1] 胡萍[1] 商婷[1] 郝丽[1] 陈倩[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学化工学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《合成材料老化与应用》2007年第3期14-17,共4页Synthetic Materials Aging and Application

摘　　要：将聚氯乙烯(PVC)弹性体试样进行户外曝晒试验,对试样老化前后的外观、力学性能、扫描电镜、红外光谱等试验结果进行分析比较,考察了光、热、氧对PVC弹性体气候老化性能的影响。研究结果表明:曝晒6个月后PVC的外观暗淡但有韧性,出现少量裂纹,分布也不均匀;拉伸强度逐渐增加,而断裂伸长率逐渐下降,16个月时下降到73.26%。导致断裂伸长率下降和拉伸强度逐渐增加的原因是DOP增塑剂的慢慢挥发。PVC样品经过16个月的曝晒后的红外光谱显示:波峰1620cm-1的出现说明有C=C存在,波峰969cm-1的消失说明高分子中的CH2断裂,这些都是分子老化所造成的。最后通过数学建模应用软件计算16个月后的断裂伸长率,预测可知:PVC弹性体在户外暴露30个月后就失去使用价值。In this paper, PVC elastomer samples were studied by outdoor exposure. External characteristic, mechanical capabilities, SEM and IR of samples were analyzed and compared before and after aging. The influences of light, hot, oxygen to PVC elastomer climate aging were investigated. The results can be concluded as following. After 6 months exposing, PVC appeared lightless but toughness and with little cracks. The tensile strength of PVC increased while breaking elongation ratio decreased to 73.26% after 16 months, which were caused by the increase of DOP plasticizer. After 16 months exposing, IR showed that C = C existed with the appearance of peak 1620cm^-1 while CH2 broke with the disappear of peak 969cm^-1, which were all caused by aging. By using mathematical modeling application software to calculate breaking elongation ratio after 16 months and the result forecasted that PVC elastomer would be useless after 30 months outdoor exposure.

关 键 词：PVC 气候老化 性能 

分 类 号：TQ334.2[化学工程—橡胶工业] TQ336.4