北冬虫夏草有效成分连续分离流程研究  

Study on continuous separation technology of active components from Cordyceps militaris

作　　者：陈伟[1] 吴畏[1] 高新华[1] 唐乐珊[1] 沈明[1] 张红霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院植物保护研究所,上海201106

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2007年第3期62-65,共4页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市农科院科学发展基金(农科发2004-8);上海市科学技术发展基金(01JG0535);国家农业科技成果转化资金项目(03EFN213100091);国家级星火计划项目(2004EA680017)

摘　　要：根据溶剂的固定相与流动相之间的相对关系,采用了二元和四元组合的溶剂系统,顺次采用超临界流体萃取法、醇沉法、低压正相硅胶色谱法(富集虫草素,去除杂质)、反相高效制备液相色谱法、分步结晶法和反相高效液相色谱法,子实体及其中间产物中的虫草素含量变化情况。结果证明,95%以上的虫草素仍分布在超临界萃取后的子实体及其醇沉的上清液中,保证了含虫草素的中间产物未在制备前大量流失。北冬虫夏草子实体中3种有效化学成分的得率依次为:甾醇类物质8.51%,虫草多糖(CM-1为主)25%,虫草素(99.7%)0.036%。试验得知高纯度虫草素在水溶液中极不稳定,提出最佳保藏溶剂的极性或介电常数(ε)为73.5。The sporophore of Cordyceps militaris and the cordycepin content of intermediate products were monitored in the whole course according to the relation between fixed and mobile phases of solvents in a combination system of binary and quaternary solvents, in which the applied methods were successively supercritical fluid extraction, alcohol sedimentation, low-pressure normal-phase silica-gel chromatography, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and fractional crystallization. The results showed that over 95 % of cordycepin was in the sporophore after supercritical extraction and the supernate of alcohol sedimentation, which ensured the intermediate products containing cordycepin from massive loss before preparation. The gain rates of steride, cordycepic polysaccharide and cordycepin from the sporophore of Cordyceps militaris were respectively 8.51%, 25% and 0.036%. During the tests it was also found that high-purity cordycepin was very unstable in water. It was put forward that the optimal polarity or permittivity （ε） of preservative solvents should be 73.5.

关 键 词：北冬虫夏草 甾醇类化合物 虫草多糖 虫草素 连续提取 

分 类 号：S567.3[农业科学—中草药栽培]