职业接触丙烯腈对工人健康影响的流行病学研究  

Study on effects of occupational exposure to low-concentration Acrylonitrile in workers

作　　者：韩方岸[1] 胡云[2] 姜方平[1] 王苏华[3] 邢光伟[3] 陆荣柱[3] 

机构地区：[1]镇江市疾病预防控制中心,江苏镇江212003 [2]镇江出入境检验检疫局,江苏镇江212003 [3]江苏大学医学院,江苏镇江212003

出　　处：《江苏预防医学》2007年第3期1-4,共4页Jiangsu Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江苏省社会发展科技计划基金项目(BS2005049);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2004061);江苏省预防医学科研基金项目(YZ200410)

摘　　要：目的:探讨职业接触丙烯腈对工人健康的影响,为保护职业接触工人健康提供依据。方法:对4家以丙烯腈为原料的化工企业车间空气中丙烯腈浓度进行检测。选取接触丙烯腈职业工人为接触组,以不接触化学毒物的服务业工人为对照组,进行健康监护和流行病学调查,分析接触低浓度丙烯腈对工人健康的影响。结果:接触组头疼、头晕、心悸、胸闷、失眠、咽痛、腹痛等自觉症状多于对照组(P<0.01);男性接触组愤怒状态高于对照组(P<0.01);女性愤怒、紧张、忧郁、疲惫状态显著高于对照组(P<0.01);接触组血压、脉压、白细胞高于对照组(P<0.05);接触组心电图改变显著高于对照组。血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶异常率(18.35%)高于对照组(2.63%);肝脂肪浸润、脂肪肝发生率高于对照组;接触组外周血淋巴细胞染色体总畸变率、畸变阳性率均高于对照组(P<0.01);淋巴细胞微核率、微核阳性检出率高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:职业接触低浓度丙烯腈对工人健康有一定伤害,应重视对接触工人的个人防护。Objective： To investigate the health effects on workers exposed to low-concentration Acrylonitrile, so as to provide scientific evidence for protecting the health of occupational workers. Methods： Acrylonitrile concentration in the air was detected in workshops of 4 chemistry industry corporations, which used Acrylonitrile as raw material. Two groups were selected, one for exposure, the other for control. An epidemiological investigation and health surveillance were carried out to analyze the impacts on workers＇ health. Results： The self-feeling symptoms like headache, dizziness, heartthrob, chest stuff, insomnia, angina, bellyache in exposure group was significantly more than that of control group 〈0. 01. The outrage mood in males in exposure group were higher than that in control group P〈0.01, the moods of outrage, strain, depression and fatigue in females in exposure group were higher than that in control group P〈0. 01. The blood pressure, pulse pressure and leukocyte in exposure group were higher than that in control group P〈0. 05. The change of electrocardiogram in exposure group were higher than that in control group P〈0.01. The ALT abnormity rate （18. 35%） in exposure group was higher than that in control group （2.63%）. The rates of liver fattiness soakage and the fattiness liver were higher than that in control group. The blood lymphocytes chromosome ab erration rate and the aberration positive rate were higher than control group （P〈0.01） ; the lymphocytes micronucleus rate and the micronucleus detection rate in exposure group were higher than control group P〈0. 01. Conclusion： Workers exposed to low-concentration Acrylonitrile can cause healthdamage, and individual protection measures should be addressed for high-risk exposure workers

关 键 词：丙烯腈 健康影响 流行病学调查 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]