试论清代乾隆朝中央政府赈济 灾民政策的具体实施——以乾隆十一年江苏邳州、宿迁、桃源三州县水灾赈济为例  

The Implementation of Disaster Relief Policies by the Central Government:A Case Study of Flood Relief Efforts in Pizhou,Suqian and Taoyuan Counties,Jiangsu Province in the Eleventh Year of the Qianlong Reign

作　　者：张祥稳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学中华农业文明研究院,博士生南京210095

出　　处：《清史研究》2007年第1期49-56,共8页The Qing History Journal

摘　　要：清代乾隆时期中央政府高度重视灾后赈济事宜,制定了较为完善的赈济政策。乾隆一再强调灾害救济要恪守"宁宽勿刻"、"宁滥无遗"的原则。赈济政策的落实是关键。在乾隆十一年江苏邳州、宿迁和桃源三州县的水灾赈济中,灾民们从中央赈济政策和"成例"的落实中得到了一定程度的及时救济,但赈济过程中也存在不少问题。由于一些地方官员没有能够"因时就事"确定赈灾事宜,或没有认真履行职责,使赈济政策在很大程度上没有落到实处。During the Qianlong regin, the central government attached great importance to disaster relief efforts and established a set of relief policies. Time and again the emperor stressed that relief policies must be as lenient as possible. The key to the success of relief efforts lay in successful implementation of policy. In Pizhou, Suqian and Taoyuan Counties of Jiangsu province in the eleventh year of the Qianlong period, flood - stricken victims received relief funds and food in time due to the implementation of relief policies and ＂the ready - made examples＂, but many problems also existed. This paper shows that local officials had not adjusted measures to the time and situation or failed in their duty, as a result, the victim relief efforts were only partly implemented.

关 键 词：乾隆时期 赈济政策 落实情况 

分 类 号：K249.3[历史地理—历史学]