部分根区干旱对不同砧木嫁接玛瓦斯亚葡萄生长的影响  

Effects of Partial Rootzone Drying on the Growth of Vitis vinifera cv. Malvasia Grafted on Varied Rootstocks

作　　者：綦伟[1] 厉恩茂[1] 翟衡[1] 王晓芳[1] 杜远鹏[1] 谭皓[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/山东省作物学重点实验室,泰安271018 [2]新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2007年第4期794-799,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30471197)

摘　　要：【目的】研究部分根区干旱对不同抗旱水平砧木嫁接同一葡萄品种植株生长的影响,为推广使用抗砧和交替灌溉提供生物学依据。【方法】利用自制木箱对砧木3309C、420A和110R嫁接的玛瓦斯亚葡萄(Vitis vinifera cv.Malvasia)进行分区交替和固定灌溉,落叶后对植株进行解剖测定。【结果】与充分灌溉相比,交替灌溉显著促进了根系生长,3种组合新根重量增加了7.8%～22.2%,新梢生长主要是节间的伸长受到轻微抑制,根冠比由平均1.1增加到1.46;固定灌溉显著降低砧木嫁接植株的新根生长量和节间长度,M/3309C分别减少37.9%和36.9%,M/110R分别减少18.4%和22.5%,植株总生物量三者降幅为19.2%～34.3%。【结论】不同砧木组合适应水分逆境的能力主要取决于砧木,110R强于420A和3309C,交替灌溉有利于增加葡萄的根系生长,提高御旱能力。[ Objective] Effects of partial rootzone drying （PRD） on the growth of the grapevine Malvasia grafted on different rootstocks were investigated, which provided biological basement for popularizing and using rootstocks and economizing-water. [Method] Biological effects of 1/2 divided root irrigation on three combinations Malvasia/420A, Malvasia/3309C and Malvasia /110R were studied by culture in wood boxes. These were separated into two zones for PRD-alternate irrigation, PRD-fixed irrigation and well-water control. The grafted grapevine was anatomized after defoliation. [Result] The results showed that current-grew root growth, new root numbers, effective root surface area and volume and root length of three combinations were remarkably promoted by PRD-AI. New root weight was increased from 7.8% to 22.2%. However, new shoot growth was restricted compared with control. The average of root-top ratio of three combinations were increased from 1.1 to 1.46. New root growth and branch internode length were remarkably decreased under PRD-FI. M/3309C was most reduced, 37.9% and 36.9% respectively, compared with the well watered of M/110R 18.4% and 22.5%, respectively. The total biomass of three combinations decreased from 19,2% to 34.3%. [ Conclusion ] The research indicated that rootstocks played a key role in adapting water stress and PRD-AI contributed to increase grapevine root growth and improve drought-resistant ability.

关 键 词：葡萄 砧木 部分根区干旱 生长量 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]