利用同种异体脱细胞血管基质预构小口径血管的研究  

Small-caliber tissue engineering vessels constructed with acellular matrix in the peritoneal cavity of dog： An experimental study

作　　者：马辉[1] 杨大平[1] 郝晨光[1] 郭铁芳[1] 韩雪峰[1] 刘国锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学第二附属医院整形外科,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《中华医学美学美容杂志》2007年第4期230-233,共4页Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金资助项目（编号：30325042）;国家自然科学基金资助项目（编号：30170970）

摘　　要：目的通过观察狗腹腔内预植同种异体脱细胞血管基质（ACVM）所形成的结缔组织管作为替代血管的力学性能，以及移植于自体股动脉后的组织结构变化，探讨利用同种异体ACVM预构小口径血管的可行性。方法在狗腹腔内埋植长8～12cm用硅胶棒支撑的已制备好的同种异体ACVM，3周后将硅胶棒周围形成的管状物作为血管替代物桥接移植于自体股动脉后，进行力学、组织学检查及与颈动脉、股静脉自体移植的对比分析。于移植术后6个月观测作为替代血管的通畅情况，组织学观察其组织结构变化。结果血管替代物的力学性能弱于正常动脉而强于正常静脉。组织学观察：形成的管状物内腔有少量的间皮细胞黏附；弹性纤维、胶原纤维结构较完整；纤维网中充满成纤维细胞。6个月后内皮细胞在替代物内壁连续覆盖，平滑肌细胞与对照组相近。移植6个月后异体ACVM组血管全部通畅。结论用同种异体ACVM预构的血管替代物，力学性能符合血管移植、血运重建的需求。所形成的结缔组织管作为血管替代物移植6个月后，管壁厚度及组织结构已接近正常血管。Objective To develop an artificial blood vessel that closely resembles the native artery, not only in its dimension but also in its cellular constituents, physiological responsiveness, and mechanical properties. We used the peritoneal cavity of dog as a bioreactor in which arteries were modeled on an acellular matrix. Methods A silicon rod of 4 mm in diameter and 8-12cm in length wrapped in acellular matrix was implanted in the peritoneal cavity of the dog. Upon harvest at 3 weeks, the silicon rod was covered with a thick capsule. We measured the bursting pressure and stretch holding strength of the tissue tubes. The tissue tubes were transplanted as interposition grafts into the dog femoral artery. Structural change of the grafts was observed by means of light microscopy, scanning and transmitssion electron microscopies. Results The bursting pressure and the stretch holding strength of the tissue tubes were weaker than that of the carotid and stronger than that of femoral veins from the same dogs. Construction of elastin and collagen of the graft was similar to femoral artery. There were many fibroblasts in the graft＇s fibrous tissue. All of the graft （n=7） was found to keep patency and structure of the graft was similar to femoral artery 6 months after they had been grafted. Conclusions These results suggest that tissue engineering in vivo is a good approach to the production of a superior vascular graft. The tissue tubes made in dogs peritoneal cavity have good condition when it is used as a graft.

关 键 词：脱细胞血管基质 移植 组织工程 

分 类 号：R65[医药卫生—外科学]