墨汁注射到不同月龄兔膝关节腔后半月板的电镜及光镜研究  

Research of Different Ages of Rabbits′ Menisci of Knee Joint Cavities Injected With Ink by Using the Election Microscope and the Light Microscope

作　　者：王松[1] 张孟丽[2] 沈霖[1] 胡声宇[3] 尤巧娟[3] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院中西医结合骨伤科,武汉430022 [2]山东轻工业学院校医院,济南250100 [3]武汉体育学院运动人体科学系人体解剖学教研室,武汉430079

出　　处：《四川解剖学杂志》2007年第3期17-20,共4页Sichuan Journal of Anatomy

摘　　要：目的本研究运用扫描电镜和透射电镜及光镜对墨汁注射到不同月龄兔膝关节腔后半月板的结构进行观察,以进一步丰富半月板的基础知识及为中医药保守治疗半月板损伤提供理论依据。方法选取6只不同月龄的健康的日本大白兔,分别往每只大白兔膝关节腔内注射墨汁5毫升,一小时后,处死大白兔,剖取半月板,然后按常规方法制作扫描电镜、透射电镜及光镜观察标本。结果光镜观察:注射墨汁组可见墨汁进入滑膜层,却未深入到组织内部;滑膜层随年龄的增长逐渐变薄。电镜观察:①兔半月板的上、下表面均有滑膜被覆,且滑膜有大量孔洞。孔洞的直径随年龄的增长呈由大至小的趋势。②在半月板前后角及半月板体部的内部有形态不十分规则的管道,其无光滑的内壁,偶尔有些开口于上表面;并随月龄的增加而减少。③半月板表面可见许多平行排列的条状隆起和沟,胶原纤维呈束状存在,且胶原纤维及其束之间存在大量空隙。胶原纤维的间隙随年龄的增长呈从大到小的趋势。④注射墨汁组的半月板在透射电镜下可见靠近表面的基质中有墨汁颗粒存在。结论在半月板内部存在一个庞大的营养供给体系,并将其称之为"半月板营养滑液弥散系统",由半月板表面滑膜上的孔洞、穿行在半月板中的管道、胶原纤维束及胶原纤维之间的空隙、软骨陷窝等结构组成。但这种系统结构随年龄的增长而发生退行性变化。Objective To observe the structure of the rabbits＇ menisci of knee joint cavities at different ages after injecting with ink by using Scanning Election Microscope（SEM）,Transmission Election Microscope（TEM）and light microscopes so as to provide theoretical foundation for the conservative treatment of injured menisci when adopting traditional Chinese medicine. Method Six healthy Japanese rabbits were chosen and injected 5 ml ink into knee joint cavity,then they were to put to death 1 hour later and the menisci were collected,which were observed under the SEM,TEM and the light microscope after preparations.Results For the light microscope,in the group which were injected ink,the ink was seen in the synovial layer under the light microscope,but not in the tissue.And the synovial layer attenuated gradually with age.For the electron microscope： 1） there were synovial membrane on both the supine surface and the superficies inferia of rabbits＇ menisci,on which there were lots of holes and uhe holeas＇ diameter was decreased with age.2） There are some irregular canals in the inner of menisci without smooth walls which occasionally debouched to the surface and the quantity became decreased with age.3） Large amount of parallel stripe-arrayed intumescentia and sulci were seen on the surface of the menisci,and the space among the collagen fibers and their bunches was wide.With the growth of the age,the space shrinked.4） When under the TEM,the ink particles were found in the ground substance close to the surface.Conclusion A huge supply system of nutrition resided in the inner menisci which could be called the nourished synovial dispersed system of menisci,This system included the holes on the surface of synovial membrane,the irregular canals in the menisci,the space among the collagen fibers and their bunches and the cartilage lacuna,ect.However,this systemicstructure will degenerate with age.

关 键 词：半月板 关节腔 

分 类 号：R684[医药卫生—骨科学]