北京4种常见园林植物的水分分级管理  

Controlled Water Supply of Four Species of Landscape Plants in Beijing

作　　者：王瑞辉[1] 马履一[2] 奚如春[2] 樊敏[2] 李丽萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学,长沙410004 [2]北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《林业科学》2007年第9期18-22,共5页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30371147);北京市自然科学基金项目(6052016);北京林业大学森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室(JD100220535);教育部高校博士点基金(20030022009)共同资助

摘　　要：用盆栽和蒸散皿分别对大叶黄杨、金叶女贞、铺地柏3种灌木和草地早熟禾进行控水试验,测定土壤干旱胁迫过程中植物的蒸腾速率,观测外貌变化,据此将4种灌草植物的水分管理分为特级、一级和二级。特级为充分供水,植物生长旺盛,灌木和草坪的土壤水势分别为-0.24～-0.08MPa和-0.07～-0.02MPa;一级为轻度缺水,植物蒸腾减弱,但生长正常,外观未见明显的干旱胁迫症状,灌木和草坪的土壤水势分别为-0.48～-0.24MPa和-0.18～-0.07MPa;二级为中度缺水,植物出现短暂萎蔫,但对观赏效果影响不大,灌木和草坪的土壤水势分别为-1.41～-0.48MPa和-0.78～-0.18MPa。植物水分分级管理有利于提高水分利用效率,节约水资源。Water controlling experiment was conducted to study the transpiration rate of Poa pratensis and three shrubs including Euonymus japonicus, Ligustrum x vicaryi, Sabina procumbens by pot experiment and microlysimeter under soil moisture stress. Grade of water supply of these plants was divided into three grades： super grade, grade 1 and grade 2 according to observation data. Super grade refers to sufficient water supply, under this condition plants flourish and soil water potentials of shrubs and turf are respectively - 0.24 - - 0.08 MPa and - 0.07 - - 0.02 MPa. Grade 1 means slightly water deficiency, under this condition plants grow normally and their transpiration rates decrease without responses against moisture stress, the water potential is respectively- 0.48- -0.24 MPa and- 0.18 - -0.07 MPa. Grade 2 is medium water deficiency, that is, soil water potentials are respectively - 1.41 - - 0.48 MPa and - 0.78 - - 0.18 MPa and plants appear temporary wilting without influence on ornamental effect. Controlled water supply can increase efficiency of water use and save water resource.

关 键 词：城市绿化 节水灌溉 蒸腾速率 水分管理 北京 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学]