青海黑小麦种皮色泽的初步遗传分析  

Preliminary Studies on Inheritance of Seed Coat Color in Qinghai Black Wheat

作　　者：姚金保[1] 姚国才[1] 杨学明[1] 钱存鸣[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2007年第5期791-793,共3页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：江苏省"十五"农业科技重大攻关项目(BE2001308);"948"重大农业国际合作项目

摘　　要：为了解黑粒小麦种皮色泽的遗传特性,配制了青海黑小麦与2个红粒小麦品种及2个白粒小麦品种的正反交共8个杂交组合,观察了F1、F2植株上籽粒种皮色泽的表现。分析结果表明,籽粒种皮黑色为细胞核遗传,黑种皮对红种皮和白种皮呈显性。黑粒与红粒杂交F2分离符合9黑∶7红,说明黑种皮受2对显性互补基因控制;黑粒与白粒杂交F2分离呈13黑∶3白和55黑∶9白两种模式,说明黑粒与白粒之间存在2-3对基因的差异,其中有1对起抑制作用。最后就黑粒小麦新品种选育作了探讨。Segregation for seed coat colors was studied in F2 population from crosses of black-seed wheat cultivar Qinghai black wheat with two red-seed wheat cultivars （Yangmai 158 and Ningmai 8） and two white-seed wheat eultivars （Sumai 6 and Yumai 34）. The results showed that the inheritable factors controlling black seed coat were in karyon and the black color was dominant to red or white. The F2 populations of B×R crosses segregated in a ratio of 9 Black ： 7 Red, indicating that the character of black seed coat color was controlled by two pairs of complementary genes. The F2 populations of B×W crosses segregated in either a ratio of 13 Black ： 3 White or 55 Black： 9 White, suggesting the differences between black and white seed coat color were based on two or three pair of genes with one pair of inhibiting gene. The breeding for wheat variety with black seed coat color was also discussed in this paper.

关 键 词：小麦 种皮色泽 遗传 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330