小麦核质杂种的生理特性及遗传效应分析  

Physiological Characteristics and Genetic Effect of Nucleus-cytoplasm Hybrid Wheat

作　　者：张彦芹[1] 周小梅[2] 乔燕祥[3] 张冬梅[1] 梁改梅[1] 双志福[3] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心,山西太原030031 [2]山西大学生命科学与技术学院,山西太原030006 [3]山西省农业科学院品种资源研究所,山西太原030031

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2007年第5期889-892,共4页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：山西省科委项目(20001098)

摘　　要：为探索核质杂种的内在生理变化与杂种优势的关系及其遗传效应,以8个小麦核质杂种及其父母本为材料,进行了田间光合速率和蒸腾速率的测定。结果显示,核质杂种的光合速率与蒸腾速率均高于父母本,表现出核质杂种优势;通过对苗期小麦进行的PEG水分胁迫和10℃的冷处理,从处理前后的脯氨酸、丙二醛含量和电导率的变化看,北节/633和北节/3653*太85两个核质杂种抗旱性最好,北节/139杂种抗寒性最好,而且苗期生理指标与田间光合速率和蒸腾速率的测定相吻合,预示了这些核质杂种有良好的推广价值和应用前景。This study reported the physiological characters and genetic effects between 8 stable nucleus-cytoplasm hybrid wheat and their parents. The results showed most hybrids present heterosis with their photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate increasing greatly. Using a split plot design, the inter action of cytoplasm and cytoplasm × variety reached significant or very significant level. The proline content of two hybrids, Beijie/633 and Beijie/3653^＊ Tai 85, increased remarkably after PEG water stress treatment. This physiological index corresponds to their drought resistance in the field. They may have some utilizable potential in improvement of wheat. Chilling stress were conducted on the seedlings in 10℃ for 24 h. The electric conductivity and MDA content indicated that Beijie/139 has the best of cold resistance. Esterase displayed that Aegilope squarrosa enzyme bands are rich, could distinctly clarify hybrids and their male parents. However, esterase express had no speciality in seed germination of hybrids.

关 键 词：小麦 核质杂种 生理特性 遗传效应 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311