土壤透水状况对水稻根系生长与氮素利用的影响  

Effects of soil permeability on root growth and nitrogen utilization in rice.

作　　者：陈惠哲[1] 朱德峰[1] 林贤青[1] 张玉屏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所水稻生物学国家重点实验室

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2007年第5期34-37,共4页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：农业结构调整重大技术研究专项(2003-01-02A);国家农业科技跨越计划项目(2003-1)资助

摘　　要：以"II优7954"为材料,盘栽比较了不同透水性土壤(常规淹水无渗漏、渗漏10mm/d、20mm/d、40mm/d和无水层无渗漏)对水稻根系生长与N素利用的影响,结果表明:水稻植株根系生长与土壤透水性关系较大,适当的土壤水分渗透能促进根系生长,提高N素利用。土壤透水量10mm/d有利于水稻早期根系生长,提高根总量和深层根比例,开花期白根比高,N肥吸收利用率达77.05%,远高于常规淹水无渗漏对照,对水稻产量也有促进作用。土壤透水量超过20mm/d时不利于产量提高及后期水稻根系和植株地上部的生长。适当土壤透水能提高籽粒千粒重,但渗漏率超过20mm/d则千粒重有下降趋势。The effects of soil permeability（0mm/d,10mm/d,20mm/d and 40mm/d）on root growth and nitrogen utilization in rice（II YOU7954）was studied under pot experiment conditions. Results show the existence of a form of correlation in soil permeability and rice root growth. Appropriate soil water leakage can promote root growth and improve nitrogen utilization. At a permeability of 10mm/d, deep-root to total root number ratio is higher than the control at early growth stage, while white-root to total root number ratio is higher at flowering stage. Nitrogen recovery rate can attain 77.05 %, outweighing that of the control. Grain yield is improved when rice is planted in soils with a leakage volume of 10mm/d. Grain yield, root growth and plant growth decrease if soil permeability exceeds 20mm/d. Appropriate volume of soil leakage improves the 1000-grain weight. However, the reverse effect is observed when soil permeability surpasses 20mm/d.

关 键 词：水稻 土壤透水性 根系生长 N素利用 千粒重 盆栽 

分 类 号：S152.72[农业科学—土壤学]