冬小麦-玉米轮作体系中钾肥利用率与钾肥资源优化管理——长期定位试验  

Utilization Ratio of Potash Fertilizer and Its Resources Optimization Management in Rotation System of Winter Wheat-Maize——A Long-term Positioning Test

作　　者：刘骅[1] 王西和[1] 张云舒[1] 谭新霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农科院土肥所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2007年第5期604-607,共4页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家灰漠土肥料与肥料效益监测站网;国家基础研究重大项目前期研究专项(2001CCB00800)

摘　　要：长期定位试验表明：施钾肥能提高作物对钾素的吸收利用率,但不能提高冬小麦和玉米的农学效率。长期不施钾土壤钾素耗竭严重,土壤速效钾下降明显,氮磷钾化肥长期配施,土壤钾素仍有60%的亏缺,但对作物高产没有明显影响;长期配施有机肥土壤钾素实际盈余4.75%-61%,根据钾素允许平衡盈亏率-104%指标,这种盈余是不合理的,势必造成资源浪费及潜在环境风险,从养分资源优化管理的角度看,钾肥施用量应以补充土壤钾库消耗为标准。The positioning test for a long term was carried out to show that utilization ratio of potash fertilizer can be increasingly absorbed by the crops through application of potash fertilizer,but agricultural efficiency of winter wheat and maize was not found to be improved. There was potassium deficiency in the soil, the available potassium in the soil was significantly reduced, if potash fertilizer was not applied for long tenn. The potassium nutrition deficiency in the soil still reached 60% in spite of combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The yield of the crops was maintained in high level. The favourable balance of potassium in the soil reached 4.75% - 61% in practice, because of combined application of organic fertilizer for long tenn. The favourable balance of potassium was not considered to be reasonable based on - 104% of loss ratio of potassium. The main role played by potassium was to add potash fertilizer nutrition to the soil.

关 键 词：钾肥 利用率 资源管理 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学] S344.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]