肝移植术后患者呼吸机相关性肺炎的影响因素及护理  

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia after Liver Transplantation:the Influencing Factors and Nursing Care

作　　者：张霁[1] 任辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学西南医院 肝胆外科,重庆400038 [2]第三军医大学西南医院护理部

出　　处：《解放军护理杂志》2007年第09A期30-31,共2页Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的探讨肝移植术后呼吸机相关性肺炎(ventilator associated pneumonia,VAP)的临床及病原学特点。方法对2003年9月至2006年8月实施肝移植术后进行机械通气治疗的136例患者调查分析。结果52例患者出现VAP,发生率为38.23%,病死率为34.61%;88.46%的VAP发生在术后4d之后;病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占84.38%。结论肝移植术后患者应用机械通气治疗过程中,针对VAP发生的危险因素,采取积极有效的防治措施,对控制感染、降低病死率有着非常重要的意义。Objective To investigate the clinical and pathogenic characteristics of ventilator associated pneumonia（VAP） after liver transplantation. Methods A total of 136 patients who were put on mechanical ventilator after liver transplantation from September 2003 to August 2006 were investigated. Results Fifty-two patients developed ventilator associated pneumonia. The morbidity of ventilator associated pneumonia was 38.23% and the mortality was 34.61%. We also found that 88.46% of VAP occurred within 4 days after transplantation, with Gram-negative bacteria being the predominant（84.38%）. Conclusion During mechanical ventilation after liver transplantation, effective measures should be taken to control the risk factors of VAP, reducing infection and lowering the mortality.

关 键 词：肝移植 机械通气 肺炎 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]