不结球白菜小孢子胚成苗及倍性变异研究  

Plant Regeneration of Microspore-derived Embryos and Ploidy Variation in Non-heading Chinese Cabbage

作　　者：马丽华[1] 沈火林[1] 王娟娟[1] 郭爽[1] 谭芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094

出　　处：《华北农学报》2007年第B08期200-203,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：上海市"登山计划"重大项目"优质安全青菜种质创新与分子育种"(06DE19104)

摘　　要：以不结球白菜小孢子胚为外植体,对胚发育成苗过程中基本培养基、激素配比、基因型及生根条件进行了研究,并对再生植株的染色体倍性进行了鉴定。研究表明:适于小孢子胚芽分化的培养基为B5+GA30.1 mg/L+蔗糖3%+琼脂1.2%,在此培养基上6号、14号、31号的子叶型胚状体的出芽率分别为53.33%,85.24%,75.55%,平均出芽数分别为5.66,3.83,3.28个;为了诱导获得健壮新根,提高植株再生率,最适宜的生根培养基为MS+IBA 0.1 mg/L+蔗糖3%+琼脂0.6%,生根率达100%,平均根数9.70条。对133株再生植株进行了染色体倍性鉴定,结果发现不结球白菜自然加倍率很高,且倍性变异情况比较复杂,其中四倍体植株所占比例最高,达到56.39%,二倍体植株占39.10%,三倍体植株占3.01%,而单倍体植株仅占1.50%。Microspore-derived embryos of non-heading Chinese cabbage were used as explants. Process of the plant regeneration of embryos was studied through optimization of basic culture medium, hormone combination, genotype and rooting condition, and the ploidy of chromosome of regenerated plants were identified. The study showed that the best medium for shoot differentiation of microspore-derived embryos was B5 medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L GA3 ,3% sucrose and 1.2% agar. Shoot differentiation rate of cotyledary embryos of No.6, No. 14 and No. 31 were 53.33%, 85.24% and 75.55 % ,while the average number of shoots per embryo were 5.66,3.83 and 3.28 respectively. To induce strong roots and raise plant regeneration rate,the most suitable medium for rooting was MS with 0.1 mg/L IBA,3% sucrose and 0.6% agar. Root differentiation rate was 100% and 9.70 roots per explant. The ploidy of 133 regenerated plants was identified ,the result showed that the non-heading Chinese cabbage had a high level of spontaneously-produced doubling rate and the case of ploidy variation was complicated. The rate of tetraploid plants was 56.39 % which was the highest,the rate of diploid plants was 39.10% ,the rate of triploid plants was 3.01 % and haploid plants with the rate of 1.50% only.

关 键 词：不结球白菜 小孢子胚 植株再生 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]