刺五加的有性生殖与营养繁殖  

STUDIES ON SEXUAL REPRODUCTION AND VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION OF ELEUTHEROCOC-CUS SENTICOSUS (ARALIACEAE)

作　　者：刘林德[1] 王仲礼[1] 田国伟[2] 申家恒[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东烟台师范学院生物系,烟台264025 [2]哈尔滨师范大学生物系,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《植物分类学报》1997年第1期7-13,共7页Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目"中国主要濒危植物保护生物学研究"资助课题;项目编号 39391500~~

摘　　要：刺五加Eleuthercococcus senticosus(Rupr.et Maxim.)Maxim,既可进行有性生殖,又可进行营养繁殖。本文报道其三类花丝长度不同的植株每个花序的花朵数量、座果率、饱满种子率及根茎形态和形态发生的某些特点。通过人工授粉,检测了其繁育系统。结果表明:长花丝植株不座果,短花丝植株座果,但不同年份、不同生境中座果率不同,中花丝植株也座果但饱满种子率较低。在正常年份,短花丝植株 的座果率接近40％,并且林缘的座果率稍高于皆伐迹地和次生林下的。考虑到中花丝植株在所研究地区居群数很少,我们认为绝大多数刺五加种子是异花传粉的产物,其有性生殖与营养繁殖相配合,在无人为破坏的前提下,该物种不应该濒危。Eleutherococcus senticosus has two reproduction modes: vegetative propagation and sexual reproduction. In this paper,flower number per inflorescence, seed set and plump seed ratio, some aspects of rhizome morphology and morphogenesis of three morphs with different filament lengths are reported, and the breeding system is studied by hand-pollination. It is clear from the two tables presented in the present paper that plants with long filaments cannot fruit,plants with short filaments can fruit annually,but their seed setting ratio is different in different years and different habitats,plants with medium-long filaments can also fruit but their plump seed ratio may be low. In ordinary years, the seed setting ratio of plants with short filament reaches 40 % and plants at the edge of forests have slightly higher seed setting ratio than those on cleared area and those in natural secondary forests. Considering the existence of only a few populations with medium-long filaments in the area studied, we conclude that most of seeds in Eleutherococcus senticosus should be the products of cross pollination; and with the coexistence of vegetative propagation and sexual reproduction, the species of Eleutherococcus senticosus should not be endangered, if not destructed by human beings.

关 键 词：五加科 刺五加 营养繁殖 有性生殖 

分 类 号：Q949.763.2[生物学—植物学]