一战后民族自决原则的公认与效应  

作　　者：储昭根[1] 于英红[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省社会科学院,硕士杭州310025

出　　处：《世界民族》2007年第4期8-19,共12页Journal of World Peoples Studies

摘　　要：民族自决原则在第一次世界大战前后得到了充分的发展和运用,具体表现为:一战前后列宁和威尔逊的民族自决思想的相继成熟;当时世界主要大国对民族自决原则的承认;苏俄民族自决原则的实践及东欧国家的参与和认同;一战后依照民族自决原则对欧洲版图的重新划分及在非欧洲世界产生的广泛反响。这表明民族自决原则在一战后已被公认为一项基本的国际政治原则。得到公认的民族自决原则影响并改变了20世纪的世界版图,并于1945年被写入了《联合国宪章》,从而最终完成了从一项政治原则向国际法原则的转变。但过分夸大民族自决,又会导致种族歧视乃至仇杀。The principle of self-determination has gained full development and application round about the WWI which is reflected in the following four aspects： The national self-determination theories of Lenin and Wilson come to be mature in succession ; the major countries in the world have acknowledged this principle; the Soviet Russia put the principle into practice and the Eastern European countries identify with it; European territory is redefined according to this principle and then it evokes wide repercussions around the non-European world. Above all show that the principle has been acknowledged generally as a basic international political principle after WWI. The principle influences and transforms the world outlook in 20th century, and is written into the UN Charter in 1945. It means that this principle has accomplished the change from a political principle to an international law principle. However if national self-determination is exaggerated, it will result in race discrimination and ethnic slaughter.

关 键 词：一战 民族自决原则 列宁 威尔逊 民族主义 

分 类 号：K15[历史地理—历史学]