河床底质对大型底栖动物多样性影响的野外试验  

Field experiment on the effect of streambed substrate on macroinvertebrate diversity

作　　者：段学花[1] 王兆印[1] 田世民[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系,北京100084 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100044

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第9期1553-1556,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家"九七三"重点基础研究资助项目(2003CB415206);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50221903-3)

摘　　要：大型底栖动物是水生态系统的重要组分,通过野外试验研究了底质对底栖动物多样性及河流生态的影响。选取5种粒径、形状和糙度各不相同的均匀底质置换原河床底质,采样分析了底栖动物种类组成及密度。结果表明,底质的粒径、孔隙率和空隙大小对底栖动物群均有显著影响,外观形状和表面糙度对底栖动物组成和密度影响不大。底栖动物群在大卵石和片砾石中较稳定,物种丰度和密度在大卵石、片砾石和小卵石中较高,粗沙中较低,细沙中最低。Macroinvertebrates are important components of stream ecosystems. A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of substrate particle size, shape, and roughness on the composition and biodiversity of macroinvertebrates. The results show that the particle sizes, porosity, and interstial dimensions of the substrate affect the macroinvertebrate community, while the shape and surface roughness of the substrate do not strongly affect the macrobenthos composition and density. The macroinvertebrate composition in the cobbles and hewn stones is stable. The density and species richness in the cobbles, hewn stones and pebbles are much higher than those in the coarse and fine sands.

关 键 词：大型底栖动物 物种丰度 河床底质 生物多样性 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学] TV141.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]