黑碳对土壤中毒死蜱降解的影响  

Effect of Charcoal on the Degradation of Chlorpyrifos in Soil

作　　者：余向阳[1] 张志勇[1] 张新明[1] 刘贤金[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院食品质量安全与检测研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第5期1681-1684,共4页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAK02A04);江苏省农科院后备人才基金(6510709)

摘　　要：通过吸附试验及降解试验分别测定了农药毒死蜱在添加不同含量两种黑碳的土壤中的吸附特征和降解动态,以阐明黑碳对土壤中农药降解的影响作用规律。结果表明,添加黑碳土壤对农药毒死蜱的吸附随黑碳含量增加而逐渐增强,而毒死蜱的降解则逐渐减缓,高温下燃烧制备的黑碳(BC850)具有更大表面积和微孔性,对农药的吸附作用更大,延缓毒死蜱土壤降解作用也更明显。土壤中添加黑碳BC450含量为0.1%～1.0%时,毒死蜱降解半衰期为31.6～47.5d,分别为对照土壤的1.3～1.9倍;黑碳BC850添加浓度为0.1%～1.0%时,土壤中毒死蜱降解半衰期为31.5～71.5d,分别为对照土壤的1.3～2.9倍。说明土壤中含少量黑碳可增强对农药毒死蜱的吸附作用,进而降低毒死蜱的微生物可用性,延缓其土壤降解,这种影响作用程度与黑碳的含量和性质有关。Charcoal derived from incomplete combustion of vegetation is ubiquitous and potentially effective for sequestration of environmental contaminants. To demonstrate the effects of this type black carbon on sorption and degradation of pesticides in soil, synthetic charcoals from burning of red gum chips at two different temperatures were mixed into a soil with different rates, the sorption and degradation kinetic of chlorpyrifos were determined. The results showed that, the sorption capacity for chlorpyrifos of the newly formed charcoal amended soil was enhanced progressively, but the degradation of chorpyrifos in soil was delayed, with the increasing content of charcoal in soil. Charcoal BC850, which was produced at relatively higher temperature and had higher specific surface area and microporosity than that of BC450, had more prominent impact on the sorption and degradation of chlorpyrifos in soil. The half lives of chlorpyrifos in soil amended with 0.1%～1.0% of BC450 were 31.6 d～47.5 d, being 1.3～1.9 times of that of the charcoal-free soil. In the soils amended with 0.1%～1.0% of charcoal BC850, the half lives of chlorpyrifos were 31.5 d～71.5 d, 1.3～2.9 times of that of the charcoal-free soil.

关 键 词：黑碳 毒死蜱 土壤降解 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X592