蚁蚕期个体形体特征在蚕种杂交率检验中的应用  

The Body Characteristics of Newly-Hatched Silkworm Bombyx mori and Its Application in Studies on Silkworm Eggs' Hybrid Rate Test

作　　者：陈慧真[1] 李建营[1] 蔡玉根 张庆芳 陶涛 杨元杰[1] 姚新弟 苏松坤[1] 徐海圣[1] 钟伯雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学动物科学学院 [2]嘉兴市蚕种场,嘉兴314000 [3]浙江省蚕种公司,杭州310020

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2007年第9期2097-2102,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：浙江省嘉兴市科技计划项目(No.20044003)

摘　　要：【目的】检验蚕种杂交率是蚕桑生产的重要工作,但生产上还没有一种理想的方法。【方法】采用体视显微镜(解剖镜)放大观察蚁蚕。【结果】不同蚕品种具有不同的蚕体颜色、斑纹、斑纹颜色和形状、体型等形体特征,这种形体特征与4、5龄大蚕的形体特征不同,据此发明了一种根据蚁蚕期形体特征检验蚕种杂交率的方法。该方法是采用体视显微镜和摄影设备首先建立每一个家蚕品种蚁蚕期个体形体特征的图文数据库;然后将待鉴别家蚕品种的形体特征与数据库中已知品种的形体特征进行一对一的比较分析,按照概率分布理论和抽样推断方法对检验结果进行统计推断;为了同时减少将不合格蚕种误判为合格蚕种及将合格蚕种误判为不合格蚕种的鉴定风险,拟采用2次抽样检验方法,2个样本组成都为1000个个体,当第一检和第二检检出纯种数分别小于等于38和79时判为合格蚕种。【结论】本方法可达到简便、正确、快速、低成本、早时期的检验蚕种杂交率的目的。　【Objective】The silkworm eggs＇ hybrid rate test plays very important roles in the sericulture production,while there is no ideal way to be broadly applied.【Method】 Observations were made by using anatomical microscope（anatomical lens）.【Result】The research found that the newly-hatched silkworm＇s body characteristics such as bodily color,fleck,color and shape of fleck and bodily form is different from that of grown larval of 4th and 5th instar and distinct among different breeds.On the basis of that a new way was developed to identify the silkworm breed by the body characteristics of silkworm,Bombyx mori at the earlier larval stage.That is firstly establishing the body characteristic image and character data-base of every breed at the newly-hatched silkworm stage by anatomical microscope and photography equipment,and then comparing the body characteristic of the silkworm breed to be identified with the corresponding characteristics of every breed having known in the data-base,and making a statistic deduction on the inspectional results in the light of probability distribution theory and sample deduction method.In order to reduce the appraisal risk of mistaking unqualified silkworm breeds for qualified ones or in reverse mistaking qualified silkworm breeds for unqualified ones,the way of secondary sample procedures was adopted.If the purebred number inspected out of the two samples which composed of 1000 individuals each is less than or equal to 38 and 79,respectively,then the silkworm breed was judged as qualified one.【Conclusion】The aims of testing silkworm eggs＇ hybrid rate easily,exactly and promptly with low cost at early stage can be achieved by employing this method.

关 键 词：家蚕 杂交率 蚁蚕 形体特征 二次抽样 

分 类 号：S882[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]