阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征模型猪颈总动脉血流动力学及组织学观察  

Hemodynamics and morphology of common carotid artery in pig model of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome

作　　者：徐晔[1] 刘永义[2] 沈翔[3] 蒋琳辉[2] 杨志慧[4] 刘银霞[1] 高路[5] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第359医院病理科,镇江212001 [2]解放军第359医院耳鼻咽喉科 [3]解放军第359医院特诊科 [4]第二军医大学长征医院病理科,上海200003 [5]江苏大学医学技术学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《第二军医大学学报》2007年第9期941-945,共5页Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(10272112).~~

摘　　要：目的:制备阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)猪模型,观察其颈总动脉血流动力学的特征及动脉组织的病理学特点,为进一步探讨OSAHS对心血管系统的影响奠定基础。方法:12只雄性小型猪随机分为模型组和正常对照组(n=6),模型组猪在自制低压舱内喂养6个月制备OSAHS模型,正常对照组猪在舱外正常喂养。待模型组猪出现类似OS-AHS症状时,检测颈总动脉血流动力学变化特征,取左颈动脉组织分别进行H-E染色、弹力纤维染色观察,透射电镜观察颈动脉组织超微结构。结果:成功制备OSAHS模型猪;与对照组相比,模型猪颈总动脉内径变细,内膜增厚,收缩期峰值流速(S)、阻力指数(RI)等均升高(P<0.05);光镜、电镜结果发现内弹力板不完整,中膜增厚,平滑肌细胞形态不规则,胶原纤维束明显增加,部分区域弹力纤维与平滑肌的分层排列结构紊乱,定量分析结果表明模型组猪颈动脉中膜弹力纤维明显增生(P<0.01)。结论:应用低压舱原理成功制备OSAHS猪模型,其颈动脉血流动力学及组织结构均发生病理改变,证实OSAHS上气道压力改变对心血管动脉系统会造成严重的损害。Objective：To prepare a pig model of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） and to observe the hemodynamics and pathological characteristics of common carotid artery, so as to lay a foundation for further studying the effect of OSAHS on cardiovascular system. Methods： Twelve male small-type pigs were randomly divided into model group and control group （n= 6）. Animals in the model group were housed in a negative pressure chamber for 6 months to establish OSAHS model and those in the normal control group were fed routinely. After pigs in the model group presented the symptoms of OSAHS, the changes in hemodynamics of carotid artery were detected with color Doppler ultrasound. The morphological changes of common carotid artery were analyzed under light microscope and electron microscope. Results： Animal model of OSAHS was successfully created. The internal diameter of carotid artery of pigs in the model group was decreased, the intima was increased, and the peak-systolic mean velocity （S） and the resistance index （RI） were both increased compared with those of the control group （P〈0. 05） . The results of light and electron microscope revealed that the elastic plate was incomplete, the media thickness was increased, the morphology of smooth muscle cell became irregular, the collagen fiber bundles were increased, and some elastic fibers and smooth muscle layers were in disorder. Quatitative analysis showed that the elastic fibers in the media of carotid artery increased significantly in the model group （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion： Pathological changes in tissue structure and haemodynamics occur in negative pressure induced pig OSAHS model. Alterations in upper airway pressure can cause damage to the cardiovascular system.

关 键 词：睡眠呼吸暂停 阻塞性 颈总动脉 血流动力学 病理学 

分 类 号：R563.8[医药卫生—呼吸系统]