溶解无机态营养盐在渤海沉积物-海水界面交换通量研究  

The Exchange Rate and Flux of Macro-Nutrients and the Regulating Factors at the Seawater-Sediment Interface in the Bohai Sea

作　　者：王修林[1] 辛宇[1] 石峰[1] 韩秀荣[1] 祝陈坚[1] 石晓勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第5期795-800,共6页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40136020)资助

摘　　要：了解无机态营养严在渤海沉积物-海水界面交换速率、通量基控制因素,于2002-08-06-08-24,应用船基沉积物培养方法,现场测定了硅酸盐（SiO3-Si）、磷酸盐（PO4-P）和溶解无机氮（DIN）在沉积物-海水界面上的交换速率（νN）和交换通量（FN）。结果显示,νSiO3-Si变化范围为2 220-4 317μmol·m^-2·d^-1,平均为3 466μmol·m^-2·d^-1,νPO4-P为0.4-77μmol·m^-2·d^-1,平均为39μmol·m^-2·d^-1,νDIN为667-2 167μmol·m^-2·d^-1,平均为1 308μmol·m^-2·d^-1,其中NH4-N和NO3-N的贡献分别为48%和47%左右。进一步分析表明,νSiO3-Si主要由溶解和扩散2个过程控制,前者决定于沉积物黏土矿物含量和含水率,后者决定于营养盐浓度和温度。νPO4-P主要由在以黏土为主的细颗粒和氢氧化铁上的吸附-解吸和扩散过程控制,前者分别决定于沉积物粒度和上覆水中DO浓度,而后者决定于间隙水与上覆水之间的浓度差。结果表明,FSiO3为2.59×10^13mmol,FPO4为2.95×10^11mmol,FDIN/SE为8.62×10^12mmol。这样,为维持夏季渤海初级生产力,沉积物交换过程可提供大约65%的SiO3-Si、12%的PO4-P和22%的DIN,远远高于以河流径流为主的陆源排放。On-board sediment incubation was conducted on summer cruise in August 2002 in the Bohai Sea, for the purpose of evaluating the exchange rates and fluxes of the macro-nutrients （SiO3-Si, PO4-P, DIN） across the sediment seawater interface （SSI）. The average exchange rates of the three macro-nutrients were 3 466, 39 and 1 308μmol·m^-2·d^-1 for SiO3 - Si, PO4-P and DIN respectively. NH4-N and NO3-N were determined to comprise 48 % and 47 % of the DIN, separately. Further analysis of the exchange process with regard to the regulating factors had revealed that the exchange process of silicate across the SSI is controlled by dissolution and diffusion sub-process and the grain size and seawater temperature are the two dominant factors in the exchange rate. For phosphate, the adsorption effects at the SSI played an important role in the exchange process, and the grain size, temperature and the clay content were the controlling factors. The exchange process of DIN was multi-controlled and the strong bio-irrigation had re-enforced its complexity. The fluxes of the three macro-nutrients throughout summer at the Bohai Sea were calculated to be： 2.59×10^13 for SiO3-Si, 2.95 × 10^11 for PO4-P, and 8.62 × 10^12 mmol for DIN. The nutrients contribution from the sediment accounted for 65% of the SiO3-Si, 12% of the PO4-P and 22% of the DIN demanded to maintain the primary productivity of the Bohai Sea in summer, which are far above the nutrients input from the peripheral rivers of Bohai Sea.

关 键 词：渤海 沉积物 营养盐 交换速率 通量 

分 类 号：P736.4[天文地球—海洋地质]