黄果人参与西洋参远缘杂交研究  

Study on the Breeding of Distant Hybridization Between Yellow Fruit Ginseng and American ginseng

作　　者：赵亚会[1] 辜旭辉[1] 吴连举[1] 郭靖[1] 张春清 常春媚 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,吉林吉林132109 [2]吉林省扶余县三岔河农业技术推广站,吉林扶余131200

出　　处：《特产研究》2007年第3期24-26,32,共4页Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research

基　　金：科技部支撑项目"人参等中药材优良品种选育研究"(2006BAI06A11);吉林省农业委员会农业育种与推广项目(2005423)

摘　　要：研究结果表明,黄果人参和西洋参的杂交一代4年生植株根部主根长及根鲜重显著大于亲本(P<0.01),杂种优势在主根长和根重方面表现突出。根粗大于母本(黄果人参),差异显著(P<0.01);但与父本(西洋参)差异不显著(P>0.05),表明F1的根粗更趋于父本。方差分析和新复极差测验结果表明,F1植株地上部形态特征更趋于父本,其茎高、叶长、叶宽均有大于父、母本的趋势。人参和西洋参远缘杂交因二者花期不遇、去雄技术繁杂,不易大量获得F1植株,F1植株难稔性问题严重,很难得到F2种子和植株,这对育种工作十分不利。It was suggested that the length of main root and the weight of fresh root of four years F1 of yellow fruit ginseng and American ginseng are all more than their parents siginificantly （ P〈 0.01 ）. There is an obvious heterosis in the length of main root and the weight of flesh root. The diameter of F1 root is more than the female parent （ginseng）（ P〈 0.01 ）, but there is no siginifieant difference between F1 and male parent （American ginseng）（ P〉 0.05 ）, suggesting the root diameter of F1 is more similar to the male parent than female parent, analyses via an ANOVA followed by SSR showed that the above-ground morphology of F1 is more similar to its male parent and its stem length, leaf length and leaf width are all more than its parents. It is easy relatively in theory to acquire F1 through distant hybridization between ginseng and American ginseng, but it is difficult in practice to get a lot of F1 because of asynchronous flowering period and eomlieated castration technology. In additon, it is also difficult to get F1 seeds and plants because of serious sterility of F1. It is very unfavorable for breeding work.

关 键 词：人参 西洋参 杂交一代 

分 类 号：S567.5[农业科学—中草药栽培] S334.3[农业科学—作物学]