一氧化氮和动脉粥样硬化  

NO and Atherosclerosis

作　　者：周京红[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所,北京100850

出　　处：《生物技术通讯》2007年第5期879-881,共3页Letters in Biotechnology

摘　　要：动脉粥样硬化是脂蛋白、单核细胞、巨噬细胞、T淋巴细胞与血管壁内皮细胞相互作用而导致的慢性炎症反应。这个炎症的过程由脂质浸润开始,涉及氧化应激反应,最终导致复杂的病理损伤和斑块的形成,斑块突出入血管,破裂形成血栓而导致急性的心肌梗塞或中风。激活内皮源性的一氧化氮合成酶而生成的一氧化氮(NO)能够预防动脉粥样硬化,并对不同发展阶段的动脉粥样硬化的病理形成均有改善和逆转作用。其生成的NO能抗氧化、清除自由基、抑制低密度脂蛋白在血管壁被氧化,防止氧化低密度脂蛋白(oxLDL)的产生,而影响脂质浸润;能抑制NFκB的激活和核内迁移,阻抑激活的内皮细胞表达黏附分子,减少嗜中性粒细胞和单核细胞的黏附和活化,减少血管壁的炎症反应;能抑制血小板黏附、聚集,抑制凝血酶诱导的血小板活性因子的表达以减少血栓形成;能阻止凋亡,保持内皮细胞的完整性;还能有效地抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖、迁移和细胞外基质的合成,对动脉粥样硬化病理形成和发展具有阻抑作用。Atherosclerosis can be considered as a chronic inflammation resulting from interactions between modified lipoproteins, monocyte-derived macrophage, lymphocytes, and endothelial cells. The progression of atherosclerosis involves lipid infiltration, inflammatory reactions, oxidative reactions, thrombosis, vascular remodeling, that can lead to acute clinical events such as myocardial infarction and stroke if rupture of plaque and thrombosis occurs. Nitric oxide（NO） is a molecule that has gained recognition as a crucial modulator of vascular disease. NO produced by activation of endothelial NO synthase has a number of antiatherosclerotic effects that lead to vasorelaxation, endothelial regeneration, inhibition of leukocyte chemotaxis, and platelet adhesion, prevention of smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, and blocking thrombosis, thus preventing the occurence and progression of atherosclerosis.

关 键 词：一氧化氮 动脉粥样硬化 一氧化氮合成酶 

分 类 号：R543[医药卫生—心血管疾病]