大豆生长及叶绿素荧光特性对铝胁迫的反应  

Responses of growth and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of soybean to aluminum treatment

作　　者：俞慧娜[1] 刘鹏[1] 徐根娣[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学植物学实验室,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2007年第3期257-265,共9页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30540056);浙江省自然科学基金(303461)资助项目

摘　　要：采用溶液培养方法,设置了不同的铝处理浓度和处理时间,对铝毒胁迫下的两个大豆品种(浙春2号、浙春3号)的根系生长和叶片的叶绿素荧光进行了研究。结果表明:铝抑制了大豆的根系干重、根系总长度、根系体积的增加。在高浓度铝处理下,根系生长7 d后就受到了明显抑制。对茎叶干重的影响在铝处理14 d后才得到表现,茎叶部出现铝毒症状滞后于根部。根尖的根系活力在10 mg/L的铝浓度下有所增加,增强了根系吸收水分和矿质元素的能力。根系质膜透性随着铝处理浓度的增加而增大,在90 mg/L的铝处理下达到最大,植株受到严重伤害。低铝(10 mg/L)使大豆叶片的叶绿素含量少量增加,高铝(90 mg/L)胁迫叶绿素含量降低,且叶绿素a下降的幅度大于叶绿素b。荧光参数的研究表明,随着铝胁迫的增加,Fo增大,Fm、Fv/Fm下降,植株抵抗逆境的能力下降,光合电子传递减小,最终导致光合速率下降。两个大豆品种具有基因型差异,浙春2号比浙春3号更耐铝胁迫。Two soybean varieties were used to study the effects of various aluminum （Al） concentration on their growth and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics under liquid culture conditions. The result showed that Al inhibited the increase of dry matter of root system, total length of roots and total volume of roots. Under high AI concentration treatment, the root growth were obviously restrained after 7 days. The symptom of Al toxicity on above ground system was observed after 14 days. The activity of root tip increased with the concentrations of Al, which strengthened the absorption ability of water and mineral elements. With the increase of Al, the permeability of plasma membrane increased with Al concentration and reached maxim at the concentration of 90 mg/L AP＋ , the plants were seriously harmed. The chlorophyll content of soybean was enhanced under the low Al treatment, but reduced under high Al concentration and the decrease of chlorophyll a content was more than that of chlorophyll b content. The study on chlorophyll fluorescence parameter revealed that minimal fluorescence （Fo） increased, and maximum fluorescence （Fm） and maximal photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ （Fv/Fm）deereased with the increase of Al concentration. Al stress could depress the stress-tolerant ability of soybean, inhibited the photosynthetic electron transport and photosynthesis rate. There were genotypic differences between the two types of soybean, and Zhechun No 2 was more Al-tolerant than Zhechun No 3.

关 键 词：大豆 铝毒害 根系生长 叶绿素含量 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S565.101[农业科学—作物学]