河北省棉花黄萎病菌致病性的研究  

Study on the Pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae of Cotton in Hebei Province

作　　者：马峙英[1] 王省芬[1] 张桂寅[1] 李兴红[1] 刘叔倩 吴立强[1] 刘占国[1] 孙济中[2] 刘金兰[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学 [2]华中农业大学

出　　处：《棉花学报》1997年第1期15-20,共6页Cotton Science

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金

摘　　要：在棉花苗期采用塑料营养钵底部定量注菌液法接种，于昼温２５～２６℃，夜温２０～２２℃的人工培养室中测定了自河北省重点植棉县分离的４０个棉花黄萎病菌单孢菌系和外地５个菌系的致病性。以中棉石系亚、海岛棉海７１２４、陆地棉９３抗１２、辽棉５号、冀棉１１号、农大３６５６个品种为鉴别寄主，以病情指数作为划分抗、感类型的标准，根据在鉴别寄主上的反应，４５个供试菌系可被划分为致病力强的Ⅰ型、致病力中等的Ⅱ型和致病力弱的Ⅲ型，分别占５３．５％、２８．９％、１７．８％。Ⅰ型菌系除使中棉表现抗（耐）病外，海岛棉和陆地棉均表现感病。该类菌系遍布冀中南棉区，其中有７个菌系可使部分品种表现落叶，证明河北省已有落叶型菌系存在。试验还表明，海７１２４、９３抗１２、冀棉１１号和农大３６５４个棉花品种对黄萎病鉴别力较强。Forty strains of Verticillium dahliae isolated from the cotton growing areas of Hebei province were tested to identify their pathogenicity in cotton seedlings. Root-inoculated plants were cultured in the growth chamber with a modified temperature regime of 25￣26℃ in the day and 20￣22℃ in the night. According to the reaction types on 6 cottons with different resistance, all strains can be classified into three pathogenic types. Type Ⅰ(accounted for 53.3% of the total) was characterized by severe virulence. Type Ⅲ (17.8) showed mild virulence. Type Ⅱ (28.9%) was an intermediate type. When infected with type Ⅰ, the Sea Island cotton and the Upland cotton were susceptible but Asiatic variety showed resistance (or tolerance). The severe type has been widely distributed in the middle and southern cotton areas of Hebei province. Seven strains of them were characterized by defoliating in some of the cotton varieties. It shows that there are difoliating strains in the province. In addition, the results indicated that 4 coton varieties including Hai7124, 93R12, Jimian11 and Nongda 365 can be used as hosts to indentify strains of the fungus.

关 键 词：棉花 黄萎病菌 致病性 品种 

分 类 号：S435.621.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S562.02[农业科学—植物保护]