中小城镇绿色空间评价与格局优化——以山东省即墨市为例  

Green space spatial assessment and pattern optimization for towns:a case study of Jimo in Shandong Province,China

作　　者：常青[1] 王仰麟[1] 李双成[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境学院

出　　处：《生态学报》2007年第9期3701-3710,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40635028);国家自然科学面上基金项目(40471002)~~

摘　　要：目前引导城市空间合理发展已成为城市研究热点之一。绿色空间具有生命支撑、生态调节与环境保护等多重功能,是城市空间生态调控和可持续发展的基础。为指导快速城市化时期我国中小城镇空间的健康发展,选择山东省即墨市为研究区,以绿色空间类型与功能为切入点,综合运用生态适宜性、敏感性和连通度评价等景观生态学理论与方法,借助GIS技术,探索中小城镇绿色空间评价与格局优化方法,并以此对城镇空间总体布局进行调控。研究结果表明,基于景观生态评价的城市绿色空间格局优化,能够提供城镇发展的生态管制刚性区和引导发展弹性区,是指导城市空间理性发展的一条有效途径。An important issue for scientific and policy works in China is determination of the most ecologically sound configuration for millions of people inhabiting towns and cities. Developing green space system strategies is becoming a hotspot of urban ecological research. This manuscript presents a landscape ecological method for developing green infrastructure using the town of Jimo, in Shandong Province, China, as a case study. The structure of green space was analyzed using FRAGSTATS software based on land use data. Applying the Patch-Corridor-Matrix Model theories of landscape ecology, we assessed the ecological suitability, sensitivity and connectivity of green space based on the Geographical Information System （GIS）, using Fuzzy Sets Theory, the Delphi method and the Cost-distance model, respectively. Finally, by optimizing patterns using a weighted overlay and integrated analysis method, we constructed a green space system for the town composed of rigid protected areas and flexible developable areas. From the aspect of green space elements, green matrixes needing protection involve agro-lands in the west, the Dagu watershed and hills/swamps in the east. Small groves, ponds, and woodland patches may become important ecological stepping stones among matrixes. The ecological connectivity of green spaces in Jimo is good but lacks obvious greenways.Therefore, with the assistance of eco-cost distance analysis of urbanization, future greenway alternatives proposed include an eastern hill forest greenway and a western river-reservoir greenway. From the aspect of space patterns, a green space system, with rigid protected areas and flexible areas of potential development, has a conjugative relationship with the construction space. Moderating conflicts between urban expansion and natural protection is important. As a result, this green space system has been successfully applied to Master Planning for the town of Jimo. A green space strategy for towns, based on green space assessment and pattern optimization, provide

关 键 词：城镇绿色空间 生态适宜性 生态敏感性 生态连通度 格局优化 

分 类 号：S731[农业科学—林学]