沈阳张士灌区重金属污染再评价及镉的形态分析  

Revaluation of soil heavy metals pollution in Zhangshi irrigation area of Shenyang and analysis of Cd forms in soil

作　　者：徐晟徽[1] 郭书海[1] 胡筱敏[2] 李凤梅[1] 王玥弘[2] 叶汉峰[1] 钟爱平[1] 史长华[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,沈阳110006 [3]沈阳农业大学,沈阳110061

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2007年第9期2144-2148,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2004CB418501);沈阳环境工程重点实验室项目;辽宁省省院校合作资助项目(200401003).

摘　　要：评价了沈阳张士灌区土壤及稻田的重金属污染状况.结果表明,研究区镉污染仍很严重,样品糙米含镉量为0.435～0.855mg.kg-1,均超过国家食品卫生标准,该浓度与20年前相比有上升的趋势,增加了335%～755%.回归分析表明,土壤的pH值与糙米含镉量呈显著负相关,生物有效态镉与糙米含镉量呈显著正相关.土壤pH值下降使土壤酸化,导致土壤中的镉更多地转变为生物有效态镉,占总量的22.8%～52.0%,易被作物吸收,导致水稻含镉量超标.重金属污染物随着地表径流、地下水及飘尘等移动方式发生迁移转化,使污染范围逐渐扩大.This paper revaluated the situation of cadmium （Cd） pollution in rice field soils of Zhangshi irrigation area in Shenyang. The results indicated that the soil Cd pollution of test area was still quite serious. The Cd content in brown rice samples ranged from 0. 435 to 0. 855 mg ·kg^-1, which exceeded the national criteria for food sanitation in China, and increased by 335%-755% compared with that 20 years ago. Brown rice Cd had a significant negative correlation with soil pH, and a positive correlation with soil available Cd. The decrease of soil pH induced more soil Cd transformed into available Cd which occupied 22.8%-52.0% of the total Cd and was easy to be absorbed by rice plant, inducing the Cd in brown rice exceeded national criteria. The pollutant Cd could transfer along with surface runoff, ground water and flying dust, making the pollution extend gradually.

关 键 词：土壤污染 重金属 迁移 形态分析 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]