大型施工位姿检测用二维光电测量系统的开发  

Development of optoelectronic planar position system used to measuring position and attitude of the large construction

作　　者：王国栋[1] 李运华[1] 李超[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学自动化科学与电气工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2007年第9期1077-1081,共5页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金资助项目(3052011)

摘　　要：分析了现有的顶桥施工中位姿测量系统的特点,指出其目前存在的主要问题.针对这些问题和现场需求,设计了顶桥施工中用于测量物体在二维平面上的坐标的光电测量系统,由光源、光电接收靶和数据采集系统组成.对光电接收靶的元件布局采用遗传算法进行了优化.完成了上位机接收软件的开发.优化后的光电接收靶主要有两大优势,其一是采用了外疏内密的布局,更适合控制系统使用;其二是光电接收靶的接口电路从144套减少到10套左右.整机测试结果表明,系统的测量范围在200mm×100mm左右,位置分辨率为5mm,测量周期为20ms,能够在线测量,能够替代国外相同功能的产品,适合应用于路桥施工中的自动控制.The characteristics of now used push-bridge construction system were analyzed, and the main disadvantages of the construction system were pointed out. Aimed at those problems, a new planar position system was developed, which was composed of laser beam, photoelectric target and MCU based data acquisi- tion system. The layout of the optoelectronic components on the optoelectronic target was optimized by the genetic algorithm. In order to test the system, a set of serial communication software was developed. There are two achievements of the optimizing. The first is that the dense in the central and sparse in the edge layout on the target is fit for control system, and the second is that the interface circuits were reduced from 144 sets to nearly 10 sets. The test result of the whole system shows that the measure range is about 200mm × 100mm, the position precision is 5mm, ant the sampling time is 20ms. It can real-timely measure an object on-line which moves on a plane, and the system is adopted to be applied to the automatic control in construction projects.

关 键 词：光电设备 位置测量 数据采集 单片机 

分 类 号：TP216.1[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]