中国绒山羊遗传多样性现状和系统发生关系的微卫星分析  

Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Chinese cashmere goats based on microsatellite DNA markers

作　　者：狄冉[1] 何晓红[1] 韩建林[1] 关伟军[1] 浦亚斌[1] 赵倩君[1] 傅宝玲[1] 马月辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院―国际家畜研究所畜禽与牧草遗传资源联合实验室北京畜牧兽医研究所

出　　处：《生物多样性》2007年第5期470-478,共9页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家科技基础条件平台建设项目(2005DKA21101);"十一五"科技支撑计划(2006BAD13B08)

摘　　要：为了调查中国绒山羊遗传资源现状,作者应用联合国粮农组织和国际家畜研究所推荐的19对微卫星引物并结合荧光PCR技术,对9个中国地方产绒山羊群体和1个西非山羊品种进行了遗传多样性检测。14个微卫星座位在10个山羊群体中显示为高度多态,可作为山羊遗传多样性分析的有效标记。多态信息含量和遗传杂合度等数据表明:目前中国地方产绒山羊群体的遗传多样性较为丰富,并且大部分保种场较好地保存了这些地方资源。采用非加权配对算术平均法构建的聚类图和采用主成分分析法得到的散点图均显示,中国山羊与西非山羊为不同的2类;中国产绒山羊中河谷山羊、河西绒山羊与其他山羊的遗传距离较远;其他山羊又大致分为2类:一类由辽宁绒山羊、新疆山羊、柴达木山羊、陕北山羊组成,另一类由内蒙古绒山羊组成。此研究结果为开展我国地方绒山羊种质特性研究及资源保护和利用提供了科学依据。Genetic diversity of nine indigenous Chinese cashmere goat populations and one West African breed were investigated using 19 microsatellite DNA markers and fluorescence PCR. The aim was to investigate the status of the genetic resources of Chinese cashmere goats. Fourteen of the microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic and effective markers for analysis of genetic diversity and relationship among goat populations. Analysis of polymorphic information content and genetic heterozygosity showed that the Chinese goat populations have high genetic diversity. Both UPGMA dendrogram and scatter plots of estimates from principal component analyses showed that the Chinese and African goat populations belong to different clades. Among the Chinese goat populations the Hegu and Hexi populations were genetically more distant from the other goat populations. The remaining seven Chinese goat populations were clustered into two clades. The first clade contained Liaoning,Xinjiang,Chaidamu and Shanbei goat populations,while the second clade was made up of goat populations from Inner Mongolia. These results may provide a scientific basis for the characteristization,conservation and utilization of Chinese cashmere goats.

关 键 词：绒山羊 微卫星 遗传多样性 系统发生 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学] S827[农业科学—畜牧学]