日粮不同营养水平对母猪妊娠早期胚胎存活的影响  

Effect of Feed Allowance Level on Embryonic Survival during Early Pregnancy in Gilts

作　　者：郭海燕[1] 吴德[1] 张明[1] 王延忠[1] 郑爱荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2007年第17期30-33,共4页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30471257)

摘　　要：试验以63头长白-大白杂交初产母猪为试验动物,研究不同营养水平对母猪妊娠早期繁殖性能的影响。将配种后母猪随机分到3个营养水平组(高、中、低)中,各营养水平通过每天供给2、1.2和0.6倍维持需要的饲粮,分别在妊娠12、25和35d将母猪称重、屠宰。结果表明:各水平组母猪妊娠12、25和35d的母体总增重和净增重有极显著(P<0.01)差异。中水平妊娠25d的子宫及内容物重量和两侧子宫角长度均显著(P<0.05)高于高水平和低水平;中水平妊娠35d的子宫及内容物重量和右侧子宫角长度显著(P<0.05)高于高水平。中水平妊娠12 d的总活胚数显著(P<0.05)高于高水平。中水平妊娠12、25和35d的胚胎存活率显(著P<0.05)高于高水平;中水平妊娠25d和35d的胚胎存活率显著(P<0.05)高于低水平。中水平妊娠35 d的活胚重显著(P<0.05)高于高水平,极显著(P<0.01)高于低水平。以上试验表明,在妊娠35d内给母猪饲喂1.2倍维持需要能使子宫发育更良好,并具有较高的胚胎存活率,而高水平饲喂和严重限饲均会导致母猪妊娠早期的胚胎存活率降低。Sixty three crossbred gilts （Landrace ×Yorkshire） were used to investigate the effect of feed allowance levels on reproductive performance during early pregnancy in gilts. The gilts were randomly allotted to three feed allowance levels （High：2×maintenance; Medium： 1.2×maintenance; Low：0.65×maintenance） after breeding. Gilts were weighed and slaughtered at d 12, 25 and 35 during pregnancy. There were very significant diffenrence in overall weight gain and net weight gain on d 12, 25, 35 of pregnancy among three groups （P 〈 0.01）. The weight of uterus and its content and the length of two side uterine horns on d 25 of pregnancy were significantly greater in M than in H and L gilts （P 〈 0.05）. The weight of uterus and its content and the length of right side uterine horn on d 35 of pregnancy were significantly greater in M than those in H gilts （P 〈 0.05）. Number of live embryos on d 12 of pregnancy were significantly greater in M than those in H gilts （P 〈 0.05）. Embryonic survival on d 12, 25, 35 of pregnancy were significantly greater in M than those in H gilts（P 〈 0.05）, those on d 25, 35 of pregnancy were significantly greater in M than those in L gilts （P 〈 0.05）. Embryonic weight on d 35 of pregnancy were significantly greater in M than those in H gilts（P 〈 0.05）, and than those in L gilts（P 〈 0.01）. It is concluded that gilts were feeded with allowance of 1.2 times requirement of maintenance in d 0-35 of pregnancy, which could make uterus development better and have greater embryonic survival, but high feed allowance and serious restricted feeding all depress embryonic survival in early pregnancy.

关 键 词：营养水平 妊娠早期 胚胎存活 初产母猪 

分 类 号：S828.5[农业科学—畜牧学]