儿童病人药物不良反应监测研究  

Adverse Drug Reactions Monitoring of Paediatric Children

作　　者：王建刚[1] 王清江[2] 马维言 张国秀[2] 刘晓梅 郑淑莉 路西明[1] 王学廷[1] 张淑英[2] 

机构地区：[1]洛阳医学高等专科学校药理学教研室,洛阳471003 [2]洛阳医学高等专科学校附属医院儿科 [3]中国第一拖拉机机械工程公司职工医院儿科 [4]洛阳市第四人民医院儿科 [5]三门峡市人民医院儿科

出　　处：《河南医学研究》1997年第1期49-54,共6页Henan Medical Research

摘　　要：目的:对四家综合医院儿科住院病人及国内四种儿科杂志报道的儿童病人药物不良反应进行监测与分析,以期发现儿童病人药物不良反应发生的规律。方法:对1856例住院病人的药物不良反应进行前瞻性观察及对国内4种儿科杂志个例报道的药物不良反应360例的综合分析。结果:住院病人中107例发生了药物不良反应,发生率为5.8%。其中 A 型反应79例(73.8%),B 型28例(26.2%),药物不良反应致停药者48例,需处理者31例,致死者1例。因药物不良反应致住院者27例。不良反应发生率与住院时间、共用药物数量、疾病构成有关。小儿某些生理特征对药物不良反应发生有显著影响。结论:通过多中心监测的实践,认为在一般集中监测要求的基础上,建立协调中心,统一判定标准,参与人员的培训是协作监测的关键;儿童病人药物不良反应发生有某些特殊性。Objective:The aim of this research was to observe the paediatric inpatients hospitalized situations of occurance of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)and to analyse the 360 cases of ADRs in chil- dren which were anecdotally reported from the four domestic paediatric magazines.Methods:1,856 cases of paediatric inpatients were cooperatively and cohorfly monitored in paediatrie wards in four general hos- pitals from Mar.1992 to Feb.1993,and 360 cases of ADRs in children which were aneedotally reported from the four domestic paediatrie magazines were comprehensively analysed.Results:There were 107 cases with ADRs identified in 1,856 hospitalized children(5.6%).Type A and type B reactions accounted for 73.8 % and 24.1% respectively in whole ADRs.48 cases with ADRs required discontinuation of them- py,and 31 cases required to be treated with other drugs.21 cases were hospitalized due to ADRs.Inci- dence of ADRs was closely related to the duration of hospitalization,the number of drugs administered, diseases suffered by the paediatric patients,and some characteristics in anatomy and physiology in chil- dren.Conclusion:The key to success of the multi-center monitoring of ADRs was establishing coopera- five center,uniting judging standard,and training members of monitoring ADRs,and there are the special- ness in ADRs in children.It is hoped that all the doctors and nurses know well the seriousness and spe- cialness of ADRs to children,and understand the characteristics and regularity of ADRs to children and avoid occurance of ADRs.

关 键 词：药物不良反应 监测 儿科病 

分 类 号：R961[医药卫生—药理学] R720.1[医药卫生—药学]