不同水分状况下秸秆覆盖量对玉米根、冠生长的影响  

Effects of straw mulching quantities on the growth of root and canopy of maize under different water condition

作　　者：张立强[1] 汪有科[1] 员学锋[2] 张吉祥[3] 于晓蕾[3] 刘超[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 [2]长安大学地球科学与国土资源学院,陕西西安710054 [3]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2007年第5期46-51,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家"863"节水农业重大专项项目(2002AA2Z4211);陕西省重大项目"农业节水灌溉技术标准研究与示范"(2006kz08-G3)

摘　　要：在遮雨棚控水条件下,采用盆栽的方式研究了不同秸秆覆盖量对玉米根、冠生长的影响。试验按对照(CK)和秸秆覆盖量0.3 kg/m2(SM0.3)、0.6 kg/m2(SM0.6)、0.9 kg/m2(SM0.9)、1.2 kg/m2(SM1.2)共设5个处理,水分按高水(占田间持水量的90%)和低水(占田间持水量的60%)设两个水平。分别测定了玉米根、茎、叶、穗干重,根系垂直空间分布及叶片叶绿素相对含量等指标。结果表明:秸秆覆盖明显改变了玉米根系和地上部分的生长;高水条件下SM0.6处理玉米根系、茎秆、叶和穗干重均高于其它处理;低水条件下,地上部分干重SM1.2最大,SM0.6次之;根系的垂直空间分布与水分和覆盖条件都有密切的关系,覆盖措施主要影响下层根系的生长和发育。Maize was planted in pots under the waterproofshed, in which 6 treatments （CK,SM0.3,SM 0.9,SM0.6,SM1.2） had been arranged. Effects of straw mulching quantities on the growth of maize root system under different water treatments were studied. During the experiment, we measured maize root, stem, leaf and fringe dry weight and the distribution of root system, chlorophyll, etc, The results showed that the maize root and canopy dry weight under straw mulching was more than check, the dry weight of roots, stem, leaf and fringe under high-water level got the max on the treatment of SM0,6 compared with others; But in the condition of low-water level, the canopy dry weight of SM1.2 was the most, and 0.6 kg/m^2 took the second place. We found that the condition of water and mulching mainly affected the distribution of middle and bottom root system.

关 键 词：控水 秸秆覆盖 玉米 根系 

分 类 号：S157.9[农业科学—土壤学]