江汉平原苏丹草-黑麦草轮作中氮磷钾肥效果及养分利用率  

Study on NPK Fertilizer and Nutrients Utilizing Efficiency under Sudangrass and Ryegrass Rotation Regime in Jianghan Plains

作　　者：李文西[1] 鲁剑巍[1] 鲁君明 李小坤[1] 蒋志平[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖北荆州市大同湖管理区农技中心,湖北荆州434300

出　　处：《草地学报》2007年第5期460-464,共5页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)国际合作项目"江汉平原鱼草平衡施肥技术研究"(Hubei-22)

摘　　要：本试验研究了江汉平原苏丹草-黑麦草轮作制中氮磷钾肥配合施用效果及养分利用率。结果表明:氮磷钾配施(NPK)的饲草鲜草产量分别比不施氮(PK)、不施磷(NK)和不施钾(NP)增产123.3t/hm2、34.5t/hm2和24.7t/hm2;氮、磷和钾肥显著增加鲜草、干草产量,鲜草增产率分别为313.1%、26.9%和17.9%,干草增产率分别为196.3%、22.2%和9.7%;氮磷钾配施显著促进饲草对氮、磷和钾的吸收,3种养分两季吸收总量分别达到500kgN/hm2、208kgP2O5/hm2和1196kgK2O/hm2;氮磷钾配合施用条件下苏丹草和黑麦草的养分吸收比例(N:P2O5:K2O)分别为1∶0.37∶1.96和1∶0.50∶3.19;轮作体系中,N、P、K肥利用率分别为60.0%、21.7%和61.6%;氮、磷和钾肥对饲草吸收相应养分的贡献率分别为81.0%、32.7%和23.2%。The NPK combined fertilization and its nutrients utilizing efficiency under Sudangrass-Ryegrass rotation regime were studied by this experiment. The results show that the fresh forage yield of NPK combination treatment increased 123.3 t/hm^2 , 34.5 t/hm^2 and 24.7 t/hm^2 more than those of PK, NK and NP treatments, respectively. N, P and K fertilizer evidently improved the yield of fresh forage and dry matter; the increased percentages for fresh grass were 313.1%, 26.9% and 17.9%, and 196.3%, 22.2% 和 11 9.7% for dry matter, respectively. NPK combination significantly improved N, P2O5 and K2O uptake by forages, and total uptake rates of three elements in two growing seasons were 500 kg N/hm^2, 208 kg P2O5/ hm^2 and 1196 kg K2O/hm^2. The uptake ratio of N, P2O5, and K2O for Sudangrass and Ryegrass were 1 ： 0.37 ： 1.96 and 1 ： 0.50 ： 3.19 in presence of NPK combination. In the rotation system, nutrient utilizing efficiency （NUE） of N, P and K were 60.0%, 21.7% and 61.6%, respectively. The contribution rates of N, P and K fertilizer to corresponding nutrients assimilated by forage grass were 81.0%, 32.7% and 23. 2 %, respectively.

关 键 词：苏丹草 黑麦草 氮磷钾配施 养分吸收 养分利用率 江汉平原 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]