苦豆子种子形态特性及发芽条件研究  

Study on the Morphological Characteristics and Germination Condition of Sophora alopecuroides L. Seeds

作　　者：王进[1] 张勇[1] 陈叶[1] 罗光宏[1] 颜霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]河西学院植物科学系,甘肃张掖734000 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《草地学报》2007年第5期486-490,共5页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省中青年基金(3ZS041-A25-006);甘肃省教育厅科研基金(0609-07);河西学院西部资源与环境重点实验室基金资助

摘　　要：野生苦豆子种子硬实率高,因种皮不透水和不透气,而具有深休眠性。本研究观测了野生苦豆子种子的形态特征、种子大小、千粒重和硬实率,并对H2SO4破除种子硬实的处理浓度和时间,植物生长调节剂和聚乙二醇(PEG)处理对种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,以及种子田间萌发的适宜土壤含水量和播种深度进行了研究。结果表明:苦豆子种子长为3.865mm,宽为3.358mm,厚为2.321mm,千粒重为20.775g,硬实率达99%;破除硬实处理适宜的H2SO4浓度为65%,时间是20min;0.02%GA3对提高种子发芽速度和幼苗生长量具有显著的作用,此外PEG处理种子能显著提高幼苗的生物量;苦豆子种子田间萌发的适宜土壤含水量为8%～12%,播种的最适深度是1～3cm。Experiments were conducted on the morphological characteristics of Sophora alopecuroide L. seeds, such as seed size, 1000-seed weight, and hard seed rate, the H2SO4 concentration and disposal time for hard seed breaking, and the effects of plant growth regulators and PEG on seed germination and seedling growth as well as the optimal soil moisture contents and sowing depth for seed germination. The resuits indicate that the average length of S. alopecuroide seeds was 3. 865 mm, width 3. 358 mm, thickness 2. 321 mm, 1000-seed weight 20. 775 g, and hard seed rate 99%; the optimal disposal concentration of H2SO4 to break hard seed rate was 65% and time 20 min; 0.02% GA3 significantly improved the seed germination speed and seedling growth and PEG significantly increased seedling fresh weight; the optimal soil moisture contents and sowing depth for S. alopecuroides seed germination were 8%～12 % and 1～3 cm, respectively.

关 键 词：苦豆子 种子发芽 出苗率 土壤水分 播种深度 

分 类 号：S330.2[农业科学—作物遗传育种]