四倍体高粱与约翰逊草间的亲缘关系分析  

ANALYSIS OF GENETIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SORGHUM (SORGHUM BICOLOR L.MENCH) AND JOHNSONGRASS (SORGHUM.HALEPENSE L.PERS)

作　　者：常金华[1] 韩永亮[1] 赵茜[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院河北省作物种质资源重点实验室,河北保定071001

出　　处：《分子细胞生物学报》2007年第5期309-314,共6页Journal of Molecular Cell Biology

摘　　要：本研究以四倍体高粱与约翰逊草为材料,利用SSR分子标记和细胞遗传学方法分析了高粱与约翰逊草问的亲缘关系,SSR分析结果表明,高粱与约翰逊草的遗传背景差异较大,SSR差异位点和相似位点在连锁群上的分布具不平衡性:按照差异引物出现频率高低,将连锁群分为两类:高度差异区和低度差异区。细胞学分析结果表明:(1)双亲及杂交种都是不规则的四倍体遗传群体。(2)花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ,双亲及杂交种染色体配对以二价体和四价体为主,杂交种平均每个细胞二价体数为17.00,四倍体高粱为15.23、约翰逊草为15.83,四价体数分别为0.95,2.15和1.60个。但杂交种减数分裂过程中也出现一定数量的单价体,减数分裂会形成一定比例的非整倍配子。SSR检测结果与细胞学分析结果具有一致性,约翰逊草与高粱的染色体组间存在一定程度的同源性。二者杂交不能形成稳定遗传的双二倍体。Tetraploid sorghum （Sorghum bicolor L Moench） line ＂sishentian＂ and Johnsongrass （Sorghum halepense L. Pers） were used to analyze genetic differences between Sorghum and Johnsongrass by SSR （simple sequence repeat） markers and cytogenetic methods. The SSR analyzed results indicated： （1） There were great genetic differences between sorghum and Johnsongrass, According to the different locus distribution, the chromosome linkage groups can be separated into two groups： High differences group and low differences group. （2） Cytogenetic analysis revealed that the parents and their hybrid are irregular tetraploid genetic populations; The chromosome configuration at MI were mainly bivalent and quadrivalents in sorghum, Johnsongrass and their hybrid; there were 17.00, 15.23, 15.83 bivalents and 0.95, 2.15, 1.60 quadrivalents in hybrid, sorghum and Johnsongrass respectively; The results of SSR and cytogenetic analysis demonstrated that the genome of Johnsongrass and Sorghum are homologous in a certain extent. The hybrid can not be steadily hereditary as double diploid.

关 键 词：同源四倍体高粱 约翰逊草 遗传差异 

分 类 号：Q941[生物学—植物学]