中国南海重要岛屿恙虫病疫源地特点调查  

Study on the characteristics of Tsutsugamushi disease in the epidemic areas of South Islands in China

作　　者：王珊珊[1] 黄佳亮[1] 苏建新[1] 席云珍[1] 王研[2] 李珉珉[3] 

机构地区：[1]广州军区疾病预防控制中心,510507 [2]中山大学附属第三医院 [3]暨南大学附属第一医院

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2007年第10期996-999,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：解放军总后勤部卫生部"十五"课题资助项目(01MB032);广东省自然科学基金(7004992)

摘　　要：目的研究比较南海重要岛屿(南澎列岛、南澳岛、万山群岛、硇洲岛、雷州半岛)恙虫病疫源地特点。方法在各岛进行恙虫病疫源地流行病学调查、病原分离与基因型鉴定并制定预防措施。结果南海诸岛屿均为恙虫病南亚热带岛屿疫源地,主要宿主为褐家鼠,恙虫病东方体携带率为22.78%-33.75%。主要媒介为地里纤恙螨,恙虫病东方体携带率为40.00%～75.00%。从宿主与媒介分离到恙虫病东方体25株,经基因鉴定Karp 15株、Kato 8株、Yonchon 2株。血清流行病学调查表明,各个岛屿村民与驻岛部队人群恙虫病抗体阳性率均较高。结论南海岛屿恙虫病疫源地存在一定特点,尤其是外来人群要做好防护。Objective To study the increasing incidence and the characteristics of Tsutsugamushi disease in the areas of Nan Peng Lie islands, Nan Ao island, Wan Shan archipelago, Nao Zhou island and Lei Zhou peninsula, located in the southern part of China and to develop strategies for preventive measures. Methods Both epidemiological investigation, isolation and gene identification of Orientia tsutsugamushi, as well as pilot preventive measures were carried out. Results These islands belonged to the epidemic area of south subtropical zone of Tsutsugamushi disease. The main host was Rattus norvegicu and the overall rates of infection on Orientia tsutsugamushi were 22.78%-33.75%. The main biological vector was Leptotrombidium （Leptotrombidium） deliens and the rates of infection on Orientia tsutsugamushi were 40.00%-75.00%. 25 strains of Orientia tsutsugamushi had been isolated from Rattus norvegicu and Leptotrombidium （Leptotrombidium） deliens. Results showed that the isolated strains of Orientia tsutsugamushi were 15 Karp, 8 Kato, 2 Yonchon. Results from serological studies showed that the positive rate of anti-Orientia tsutsugamushi antibodies was high, in both residents and soldiers stationed in these islands. On these islands, rats and biological vectors were killed. Results showed that these measures had positive impact in reducing the incidence. Conclusion Islands from the southern part of the country belonged to the epidemic area of Tsutsugamushi disease. People visiting this areas should be under protection.

关 键 词：恙虫病 恙虫病东方体 南海岛屿 

分 类 号：R513.2[医药卫生—内科学]